Figure 7. The relevance of ERK and STAT3 activation by CTLA-4 in CTLA-4+BCCs-treated DC and the direct inhibitory effects of CTLA-4 mAb on CTLA-4+BCCs.
(A) ImDCs were cultured in medium (control), or with soluble CTLA-4 (CTLA-4), or coculture with CTLA-4+BCCs alone (231) or in the presence of CTLA-4 mAb (Ab) for 1 hour. Then, treated cells were collected. Whole cell extracts were prepared and the protein levels of phosphorylated (p) and total ERK1/2 and STAT3 were determined by western blot. Right insets: the quantitative analysis of p-ERK/ERK, p-STAT3/STAT3 protein ratio, as measured by ImageJ analysis of band intensity. Values are expressed in arbitrary units. (B) CCK-8 assays showed the effects of CTLA-4 mAb on cell viability. (C) Flow cytometry assays showed the effects of CTLA-4 mAb on cell cycle progression. (D)Annexin staining assays showed the effects of CTLA-4 mAb on cell apoptosis. Representative result from three independent experiments was shown. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001.