Table 1. selected EMT-related lncRNAs showing diverse mechanisms of action.

LncRNA	Mechanisms of action	References
MALAT-1	Interacts with suz12 resulting in suppression of E-cadherin and activation of N-cadherin and fibronectin. Affected by tumor micro-environment.	Ji et al. [75] Fan et al. [76] Kan et al. [80]
HOTAIR	Reprograms chromatin state.	Qiu et al. [82] Wu et al. [83] Kim et al. [84]
BANCR	Histone de-acetylation suppresses BANCR to promote EMT.	Guo et al. [96] Sun et al. [97]
H19	Chromatin modifier.	Matouk et al. [85]
Linc00617	Stimulates EMT via activating the transcription of Sox2.	Li et al. [86]
LncRNA-HIT	Promotes TGF-β-induced EMT via downregulating the levels of E-cadherin.	Richards et al. [98]
AOC4P	Inhibits EMT via binding to vimentin and promoting its degradation.	Wang et al. [87]
HULC	Affected by tumor micro-environment.	Matouk et al. [89]
LncTCF7	Affected by tumor micro-environment.	Hamada et al. [63]
ZEB1-AS1	Upstream antisense RNA enhances ZEB1 expression.	Li et al. [90]
Zeb2NAT	Prevents splicing of the Zeb2 5’-UTR, increases Zeb2 and downregulates E-cadherin.	Zhuang et al. [91]
91H	H19 antisense. Associated with H19 ICR methylation.	Deng et al. [92] Gao et al. [93]

Abbreviations: AOC4P, amine oxidase, copper containing 4, pseudogene; BANCR, BRAF-activated non-protein coding RNA; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; HOTAIR, HOX transcript antisense RNA; HULC, highly up-regulated in liver cancer; lncRNA, long noncoding RNA; MALAT-1, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; Sox2, SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2; TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta; ZEB1/2, zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox 1/2.