Figure 4.

Genome Exchange Restores Spindle Morphology and Function

(A) Chromosome alignment in MII oocytes. Examples of defects in postovulatory aged oocytes are shown.

(B) Frequency of abnormal MII alignment of nonmanipulated and manipulated oocytes. The total number of oocytes and the number of experiments (in parentheses) is indicated above each column. ns, not significant.

(C) Immunofluorescence images of kinetochores, spindles, and chromosomes stained with Cenp A (green), p-H3 (red), and tubulin (purple) at MII. Scale bars represent 5 μm.

(D) Quantification of interkinetochore distance for all (discernible) sister kinetochore pairs. Each dot shows one pair. The number of kinetochores and the number of oocytes (in parentheses) are indicated. ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001.

(E) Chromosome segregation at anaphase of the second meiosis after artificial activation. Examples of chromosomal defects, spindle abnormality, and cytokinetic abnormality are shown. The areas bound by dashed lines present the second polar body (PB) (top) and fragmentation (bottom). Time cultured after oocyte retrieval before activation is indicated.

(F) Frequency of abnormalities of nonmanipulated and manipulated oocytes at anaphase of meiosis. The error bars show mean ± SEM. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001; ns, not significant.

(G) Frequency of abnormal first mitosis in nonmanipulated and manipulated oocytes at anaphase of first mitosis. ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001; ns, not significant.