Table 2. Multivariable covariate-adjusted hazard ratios for all cause and lung cancer specific mortality.

Patient Characteristics	All Cause HRa (95% CIb)	All Cause P-value	Lung Cancer-specific HRa (95% CIb)	Lung Cancer-specific P-value
Prior cancer diagnosis (vs None)
Yes (any)	1.01 (0.98–1.04)	0.523	0.79 (0.76–0.82)	<0.001
Age (years; vs 66–74)
75–85	1.36 (1.33–1.40)	<0.001	1.30 (1.26–1.34)	<0.001
>85	1.85 (1.77–1.94)	<0.001	1.71 (1.61–1.81)	<0.001
Sex (vs female)
Male	1.30 (1.27–1.34)	<0.001	1.27 (1.22–1.31)	<0.001
Race/ethnicity (vs white)
Black	0.92 (0.87–0.96)	0.001	0.91 (0.86–0.97)	0.005
Hispanic	0.86 (0.76–0.99)	0.029	0.89 (0.76–1.05)	0.175
Other	0.82 (0.76–0.87)	<0.001	0.85 (0.78–0.92)	<0.001
Marital Status (vs married)
Sep/Div/Widc	1.13 (1.10–1.16)	<0.001	1.12 (1.08–1.16)	<0.001
Single	1.12 (1.06–1.18)	<0.001	1.14 (1.06–1.21)	<0.001
Unknown	1.16 (1.08–1.24)	<0.001	1.11 (1.02–1.22)	0.018
Histology (vs other non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC])
Small Cell	1.25 (1.17–1.33)	<0.001	1.38 (1.28–1.48)	<0.001
Adenocarcinoma	0. 70 (0.67–0.72)	<0.001	0.70 (0.67–0.73)	<0.001
Squamous	0.89 (0.86–0.92)	<0.001	0.91 (0.87–0.95)	0.071
Comorbidity (vs none)
One	1.25 (1.21–1.29)	<0.001	1.06 (1.04–1.09)	<0.001
Two or more	1.56 (1.52–1.61)	<0.001	1.35 (1.29–1.40)	<0.001
Rule out	0.95 (0.89–1.02	0.148	0.96 (0.89–1.04)	0.337
Payer Status (vs no)
Medicaid	1.26 (1.21–1.30)	<0.0011	1.23 (1.12–1.35)	<0.001
Treatment Status (vs no Treatment)
Surgery only	0.39 (0.38–0.41)	<0.001	0.33 (0.31–0.34)	<0.001
Chemotherapy only	1.04 (0.96–1.12)	0.376	1.23 (1.12–1.35)	<0.001
Radiation only	0.88 (0.84–0.92)	<0.001	0.94 (0.89–0.99)	0.017
Two or more	0.69 (0.67–0.72)	<0.001	0.77 (0.74–0.81)	<0.001

^aHR denotes hazard ratio of all cause and lung cancer specific death for the above covariates.

^bCI denotes confidence interval.

^cSeparated/Divorced/Widowed.