Table 1.
Baseline characteristics between with and without stroke associated pneumonia
| Non-SAP (n = 264) | SAP (n = 44) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 65 [56–74] | 71 [66–79] | <0.001 |
| Sex, male (%) | 161 (61) | 31 (70) | 0.230 |
| Hypertension (%) | 185 (70) | 34 (77) | 0.330 |
| Diabetes (%) | 83 (31) | 17 (39) | 0.345 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 110 (42) | 10 (23) | 0.017 |
| Atrial fibrillation (%) | 40 (15) | 18 (41) | <0.001 |
| Smoking (%) | 132 (50) | 22 (50) | 1.000 |
| Initial total NIHSS [IQR] | 3 [1–6] | 11 [4–19] | <0.001 |
| Level of consciousness (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Normal (NIHSS 1a = 0) | 251 (95) | 28 (64) | |
| Impaired (NIHSS 1a = 1–3) | 13 (5) | 16 (36) | |
| A2DS2 score | <0.001 | ||
| Low (0–4) | 219 (85) | 18 (43) | |
| High (5–10) | 38 (15) | 24 (57) | |
| Thrombolysis (%) | 0.626 | ||
| None | 237 (90) | 39 (89) | |
| Intravenous | 23 (9) | 4 (9) | |
| Intra-arterial | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | |
| Both | 2 (1) | 1 (2) | |
| Dysphagia (%) | 34 (13) | 24 (56) | <0.001 |
| Stroke subtype (%) | 0.056 | ||
| Large artery disease | 93 (35) | 18 (41) | |
| Cardioembolism | 51 (19) | 18 (41) | |
| Small vessel occlusion | 92 (35) | 3 (7) | |
| Undetermined | 28 (11) | 5 (11) | |
| Stroke location (%) | 0.466 | ||
| Supratentorial | 203 (77) | 33 (75) | |
| Infratentorial | 54 (20) | 8 (18) | |
| Both | 7 (3) | 3 (7) | |
| Lacunar infarcts (%) | 73 (30) | 10 (28) | 0.804 |
| Lobar cerebral microbleeds (%) | 42 (17) | 6 (17) | 0.968 |
| Deep/infratentorial cerebral microbleeds (%) | 59 (24) | 11 (30) | 0.426 |
| Leukoaraiosis (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Mild (0–2) | 190 (75) | 15 (38) | |
| Severe (3–6) | 62 (25) | 24 (62) | |
| White blood cell, ×103/μl | 7.26 [6.09–9.01] | 7.82 [6.67–8.99] | 0.149 |
| hs-CRP, mg/dL [IQR] | 0.11 [0.05–0.25] | 0.15 [0.05–1.36] | 0.126 |
SAP stroke-associated pneumonia, NIHSS National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein