Table 1. MERS-CoV surveillance test results in camels based on origin, Egypt, August 2015–January 2016 (n = 1,078 camels^a).

Camel origin	Microneutralisation test			CMLE ORb (95% CI)	P value (for OR)	P value (for hypothesis)	rtRT-PCR			P value (for hypothesis)
	Number tested	Number of camels positive	Per cent positive				Number tested	Number of camels positive	Per cent positive
East Africa	98	71	72.4%	0.84 (0.51–1.41)	0.50	p < 0.001 χ2 = 53.24	115	4	3.5%	p < 0.001 χ2 = 15.246
Sudan	594	543	91.4%	3.39 (2.24–4.98)	< 0.0001		623	35	5.6%
Egypt (resident)	339	257	75.8%	1.00	Ref.		340	2	0.6%
Total	1,031	871	84.5%	NA	NA	NA	1,078	41	NA	NA

CI: confidence interval; CMLE: conditional maximum likelihood estimate; MERS-CoV: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; NA: not applicable; OR: odds ratio; ref.: reference; rtRT-PCR: real-time reverse transcription PCR.

^a Of 1,078 camels, a subset of 1,031 underwent serum testing for MERS-CoV antibodies by microneutralisation assays, while all were sampled for rtRT-PCR testing.

^b CMLE OR is the conditional maximum likelihood estimate of the odds ratio based on Mid-P exact confidence interval.