Table 1.

	Medicare Beneficiaries With Diabetes Mellitus			P
	Total (N = 6,521,462)	Non-ACO (N = 6,180,269)	ACO (N = 341,193)
ACO assignment in 2012
Proportion assigned to Shared Savings Program ACOs (%)	5.2
Sociodemographic factors
Age [mean (SD)]	76.4 (7.2)	76.4 (7.2)	75.9 (7.0)	<0.0001
Sex, male (%)	45.3	45.0	50.7	<0.0001
Race (%)				<0.0001
White	81.5	81.4	83.6
Black	11.0	11.1	10.3
Asian	2.4	2.4	2.3
Hispanic	2.4	2.4	1.7
North American native	0.6	0.6	0.1
Other	1.8	1.8	1.9
Unknown	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dual eligible (%)	19.5	19.8	14.0	<0.0001
Clinical factors (%)
High-risk cardiovascular factors	16.9	16.9	16.6	<0.0001
Low-risk cardiovascular factors	57.0	57.0	57.3	<0.0001
Arrhythmia	29.1	29.1	29.1	0.7234
Structural heart disease	18.4	18.4	19.0	<0.0001
Advanced cancer	5.6	5.6	5.9	<0.0001
Dementia	14.2	14.4	12.2	<0.0001
Heart failure	23.0	23.1	21.8	<0.0001
Dialysis	1.5	1.5	1.4	<0.0001
Disability/frailty	13.5	13.6	12.4	<0.0001
Gastrointestinal/genitourinary disease	23.3	23.3	23.7	<0.0001
Hematological disorders	8.5	8.5	8.6	0.0031
Infectious/immune disorders	3.4	3.4	3.4	0.0929
Kidney disease	22.6	22.6	22.6	0.6568
Liver disease	1.7	1.7	1.7	0.0201
Neurological disorders	26.1	26.1	25.5	<0.0001
Psychiatric disease/substance abuse	26.7	26.8	25.2	<0.0001
Pulmonary disease	37.1	37.2	36.2	<0.0001
Other advanced organ failure	7.6	47.7	6.9	<0.0001
Iron deficiency anemia	36.8	36.8	36.7	0.4733
Major organ transplant	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.0002
Other organ transplant	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4587
Hip fracture/major fracture	3.4	3.4	3.1	<0.0001
No. diabetes complications [mean (SD)]	1.41	1.67 (1.41)	1.70 (1.41)	<0.0001

ACO indicates Accountable Care Organizations.