Table 3. Summary results for diagnostic accuracy and their 95% confidence interval.

Subgroup	Studies	Sensitivity (95%CI)	Specificity (95%CI)	PLR (95%CI)	NLR(95%CI)	DOR (95%CI)	AUC(95%CI)
Ethnicity
Asian	34	0.74(0.68-0.78)	0.82(0.77-0.86)	4.1(3.2-5.2)	0.32(0.27-0.39)	13(9-18)	0.85(0.81-0.88)
Caucasian	8	0.77(0.59-0.89)	0.84(0.79-0.88)	4.8(3.3-6.8)	0.28(0.14-0.53)	17(7-44)	0.85(0.81-0.88)
African	5	0.89(0.75-0.96)	0.86(0.79-0.90)	6.2(4.0-9.5)	0.13(0.05-0.32)	49(15-154)	0.87(0.84-0.90)
Sample
Serum	27	0.78(0.72-0.83)	0.83(0.78-0.86)	4.5(3.6-5.7)	0.26(0.21-0.34)	17(12-25)	0.88(0.84-0.90)
Plasma	19	0.71(0.63-0.78)	0.82(0.75-0.87)	3.9(2.8-5.5)	0.35(0.26-0.47)	11(6-20)	0.84(0.80-0.87)
Cancer
LC	10	0.67(0.56-0.76)	0.81(0.74-0.86)	3.5(2.5-4.8)	0.41(0.31-0.55)	9(5-14)	0.82(0.79-0.85)
CC	7	0.75(0.63-0.83)	0.84(0.79-0.87)	4.6(3.4-6.3)	0.30(0.20-0.46)	15(8-30)	0.86(0.83-0.89)
GC	7	0.73(0.63-0.81)	0.80(0.73-0.86)	3.7(2.7-5.0)	0.33(0.24-0.46)	11(6-19)	0.84(0.80-0.87)
HCC	6	0.83(0.70-0.92)	0.77(0.66-0.86)	3.7(2.3-6.0)	0.21(0.11-0.42)	17(6-50)	0.87(0.83-0.89)
BC	7	0.85(0.75-0.91)	0.85(0.80-0.90)	5.8(4.0-8.5)	0.18(0.10-0.31)	33(14-76)	0.89(0.86-0.91)
Others	11	0.74(0.62-0.83)	0.86(0.74-0.93)	5.2(2.7-10.3)	0.31(0.21-0.45)	17(7-42)	0.86(0.83-0.89)
Method
SYBR	23	0.80(0.74-0.84)	0.79(0.74-0.82)	3.7(3.0-4.6)	0.26(0.20-0.34)	14(9-22)	0.85(0.82-0.88)
Taqman	25	0.72(0.64-0.79)	0.85(0.80-0.89)	4.8(3.6-6.6)	0.33(0.25-0.42)	15(9-24)	0.87(0.84-0.90)
Endogenous control
MiR-16	20	0.69(0.62-0.76)	0.87(0.82-0.91)	5.3(3.9-7.2)	0.35(0.28-0.44)	15(10-23)	0.87(0.83-0.89)
RNU6	14	0.74(0.65-0.81)	0.78(0.73-0.81)	3.3(2.6-4.2)	0.34(0.25-0.47)	10(6-17)	0.82(0.78-0.85)
cel-miR-39	4	0.84(0.676-0.89)	0.78(0.59-0.90)	3.8(1.9-7.7)	0.21(0.13-0.34)	18(6-52)	0.87(0.84-0.90)
Overall	48	0.76(0.71-0.80)	0.82(0.79-0.85)	4.3(3.6-5.1)	0.29(0.24-0.35)	15(11-20)	0.86(0.83-0.89)

CI: confidence interval, PLR: positive likelihood ratio, NLR: negative likelihood ratio, DOR: diagnostic odds ratio, AUC: area under ROC curve