Table 4. Relationship between green tea intake and risk of AF;
| Characteristics | Controls (N=400) | Atrial fibrillation (N = 401) | Crude OR | P | Adjusted OR | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tea(Y/N) | ||||||
| 0 | 158 | 246 | 1 | |||
| 1 | 242 | 155 | 0.411 (0.310-0.546) | <0.001 | 0.385 (0.286-0.519) | <0.001 |
| Frequency | ||||||
| None | 158 | 246 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Low | 37 | 23 | 0.399 (0.229-0.697) | 0.001 | 0.398 (0.223-0.712) | 0.002 |
| Moderate | 188 | 115 | 0.393 (0.289-0.697) | <0.001 | 0.364 (0.264-0.502) | <0.001 |
| Long | 17 | 17 | 0.642 (0.319-1.295) | 0.216 | 0.594 (0.285-1.239) | 0.165 |
| P for the trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Concentration | ||||||
| None | 158 | 246 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Low | 193 | 70 | 0.233 (0.166-0.337) | <0.001 | 0.223 (0.156-0.317) | <0.001 |
| Moderate | 23 | 34 | 0.949 (0.539-1.672) | 0.857 | 0.844 (0.469-1.159) | 0.572 |
| High | 26 | 51 | 1.260 (0.754-2.104) | 0.377 | 1.140 (0.671-1.937) | 0.628 |
| P for the trend | 0.320 | 0.153 | ||||
| Duration | ||||||
| Never | 158 | 246 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Short | 61 | 24 | 0.253 (0.151-0.422) | <0.001 | 0.271 (0.160-0.462) | <0.001 |
| Moderate | 122 | 63 | 0.333 (1.231-0.477) | <0.001 | 0.319 (0.218-0.465) | <0.001 |
| Long | 59 | 68 | 0.743 (0.495-1.106) | 0.148 | 0.624 (0.408-0.953) | 0.029 |
| P for the trend | <0.001 | <0.001 |
AF, atrial fibrillation; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval;
1. In frequency, group was categorized as low (<1cup/day) moderate (1cup/day) and high (>1cup/day).
2. In concentration, group was categorized as low (tea leaves were <25% of the volume of the cup), moderate (tea leaves were 25–50% of the volume of the cup) and high (tea leaves were >50% of the volume of the cup).
3. In duration, group was categorized as short (1-15Y) moderate (16-30Y) and long (>30Y).
4. Adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and CAD in the analysis.