Table 3. Risk of meningioma in patients using medications to treat metabolic syndrome.

Variable	Number of cases (%)(n=2,027)	Number of controls(%) (n = 20,269)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)*
ACE-inhibitors
No prior use	1,662 (82.0)	16,843 (83.1)	1.00 (reference)
2–9 Rx	118 (5.8)	932 (4.6)	1.10 (0.88–1.37)
10–29 Rx	103 (5.1)	964 (4.8)	0.96 (0.76–1.20)
≥ 30 Rx	144 (7.1)	1,530 (7.6)	0.89 (0.72–1.10)
p-value for trend			0.211
AT II-inhibitors
No prior use	1,892 (93.3)	19,206 (94.8)	1.00 (reference)
2–9 Rx	32 (1.6)	258 (1.3)	1.11 (0.75–1.62)
10–29 Rx	52 (2.6)	378 (1.9)	1.22 (0.89–1.66)
≥ 30 Rx	51 (2.5)	427 (2.1)	1.10 (0.79–1.52)
p-value for trend			0.413
Beta-blockers
No prior use	1,516 (74.8)	15,797 (77.9)	1.00 (reference)
2–9 Rx	141 (7.0)	1,227 (6.1)	1.17 (0.96–1.41)
10–29 Rx	138 (6.8)	1,108 (5.5)	1.27 (1.04–1.54)
≥ 30 Rx	232 (11.5)	2,137 (10.5)	1.16 (0.98–1.37)
p-value for trend			0.105
Diuretics
No prior use	1,337 (66.0)	13,949 (69.8)	1.00 (reference)
2–9 Rx	74 (3.7)	675 (3.3)	1.12 (0.92–1.35)
10–29 Rx	170 (8.4)	1,598 (7.9)	1.17 (0.97–1.41)
≥ 30 Rx	446 (22.0)	4,047 (20.0)	1.04 (0.88–1.23)
p-value for trend			0.946
Calcium antagonists
No prior use	1,642 (81.0)	16,778 (82.8)	1.00 (reference)
2–9 Rx	112 (5.5)	932 (4.6)	1.11 (0.90–1.39)
10–29 Rx	105 (5.2)	967 (4.8)	1.02 (0.81–1.27)
≥ 30 Rx	168 (8.3)	1,592 (7.9)	1.06 (0.87–1.29)
p-value for trend			0.670
Nitrates
No prior use	1,887 (93.1)	18,708 (92.3)	1.00 (reference)
2–9 Rx	61 (3.0)	652 (3.2)	0.89 (0.67–1.18)
10–29 Rx	31 (1.5)	345 (1.7)	0.86 (0.59–1.27)
≥ 30 Rx	48 (2.4)	564 (2.8)	0.86 (0.62–1.20)
p-value for trend			0.389
Statins
No prior use	1,693 (83.5)	16,911 (83.4)	1.00 (reference)
2–9 Rx	75 (3.7)	684 (3.4)	1.01 (0.78–1.31)
10–29 Rx	113 (5.6)	1,072 (5.3)	0.98 (0.78–1.21)
≥ 30 Rx	146 (7.2)	1,602 (7.9)	0.88 (0.71–1.09)
p-value for trend			0.244

^*Matching variables: age, sex, general practice, and number of years of active history in the database. All analyses were adjusted for smoking, BMI, history of MI, and estrogen use (among women).