Table 1.
Characteristics of participants
| Variables | Total (n=180) | Male (n=41) | Female (n=139) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 48.6±11.5 | 42.7±10.6 | 50.4±11.2 | <0.001 |
| Married | 84.4% (152/180) | 95.1% (39/41) | 81.3% (113/139) | 0.032 |
| Having a coresident child | 76.1% (137/180) | 78.0% (32/41) | 75.5% (105/139) | 0.741 |
| Work interference with family | 23.4±8.1 | 23.2±8.5 | 23.9±6.9 | 0.606 |
| Family interference with work | 18.7±6.2 | 19.8±5.6 | 18.4±6.4 | 0.202 |
| Occupational stress | ||||
| Quantitative workload | 11.9±4.0 | 12.5±3.7 | 11.7±4.1 | 0.235 |
| Variance in workload | 8.4±3.3 | 8.9±3.2 | 8.2±3.3 | 0.214 |
| Mental demands | 14.9±2.7 | 14.3±3.0 | 15.1±2.7 | 0.127 |
| Emotional exhaustion | 14.0±8.0 | 13.3±8.1 | 14.2±8.0 | 0.535 |
| Cynicism | 10.1±7.3 | 10.7±7.3 | 9.9±7.3 | 0.571 |
| Professional efficacy | 11.6±6.1 | 12.3±6.1 | 11.4±6.1 | 0.421 |
| CES-D score | 16.7±10.5 | 15.7±10.5 | 17.0±10.6 | 0.485 |
Abbreviation: CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression Scale.