Table 3.
Main effects and interaction effect of job insecurity and workplace social capital and simple main effect of job insecurity according to the levels of workplace social capital on psychological distress among Japanese permanent male employees: multiple logistic regression analysis (2,145 men)†
| Main effects and interaction effect (job insecurity and workplace social capital) | n | Number of cases (%) | Prevalence odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1‡ | Model 2§ | Model 3¶ | Model 4|| | |||
| †Psychological distress was defined as having a total score of the K6 scale ≥ 5. ‡Crude (i.e., without any adjustment). §Adjusted for age, education, and family size. ¶Additionally adjusted for occupation and work shift. ||Additionally adjusted for quantitative workload and interaction effect of quantitative workload × workplace social capital. ††Additionally adjusted for quantitative workload. | ||||||
| Main effect | ||||||
| Job insecurity | ||||||
| High (8-17) | 442 | 318 (71.9) | 3.11 (2.42-3.99) | 3.09 (2.40-3.97) | 3.10 (2.41-4.00) | 2.94 (2.27-3.80) |
| Moderate (6-7) | 816 | 457 (56.0) | 1.56 (1.28-1.89) | 1.53 (1.26-1.87) | 1.54 (1.26-1.88) | 1.49 (1.22-1.83) |
| Low (4-5) | 887 | 380 (42.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| p for linear trend | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||
| Workplace social capital | ||||||
| High (9-12) | 1,214 | 564 (46.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Low (3-8) | 931 | 591 (63.5) | 1.80 (1.50-2.16) | 1.76 (1.47-2.11) | 1.74 (1.45-2.09) | 1.84 (1.32-2.55) |
| Interaction effect | ||||||
| Job insecurity × workplace social capital (p for interaction) | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||
| Simple main effect (job insecurity) | n | Number of cases (%) | Prevalence odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | |||
| Model 1‡ | Model 2§ | Model 3¶ | Model 4†† | |||
| High workplace social capital group (9-12) | ||||||
| Job insecurity | ||||||
| High (8-17) | 207 | 133 (64.3) | 2.53 (1.82-3.50) | 2.50 (1.79-3.47) | 2.55 (1.82-3.56) | 2.44 (1.73-3.42) |
| Moderate (6-7) | 413 | 184 (44.6) | 1.13 (0.88-1.46) | 1.08 (0.84-1.40) | 1.11 (0.85-1.43) | 1.06 (0.82-1.38) |
| Low (4-5) | 594 | 247 (41.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| p for linear trend | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||
| Low workplace social capital group (3-8) | ||||||
| Job insecurity | ||||||
| High (8-17) | 235 | 185 (78.7) | 4.45 (3.02-6.56) | 4.50 (3.04-6.66) | 4.47 (3.02-6.63) | 4.20 (2.82-6.25) |
| Moderate (6-7) | 403 | 273 (67.7) | 2.53 (1.85-3.45) | 2.52 (1.84-3.45) | 2.51 (1.83-3.44) | 2.45 (1.78-3.37) |
| Low (4-5) | 293 | 133 (45.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| p for linear trend | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | ||