Fig. 2.
Evolutionary branch order within Y. pestis. (a-d) Simplified branch order of the major groups as indicated by sSNPs (a), MLVA (b), and IS100 insertions (c and d), based on data in Figs. 3, 6, and 7. The primary inconsistencies between a and b-d are indicated in orange and purple. The differences in branch order between c and d reflect different interpretation of insertion events (green text). Nodes along branches are indicated by circles, the sizes of which indicate the number of isolates. (e) Consensus evolutionary order of IS100 insertions (Yxx) and synonymous mutations (sxx). The diagram also indicates the inferred order of phenotypic changes (Rha-, Mel-, and Nit-) and nutritional mutations (glpD, napA316), except for the Nit- isolates in 2.ANT, which are not indicated. Sources of isolates according to grouping: 0.PE1, former Soviet Union (4 isolates); 0.PE2, former Soviet Union (3 isolates); 0.PE3, Africa (1 isolate); 0.PE4, China (1 isolate); 1.ANT, Africa (21 isolates); 1.ORI, global (95 isolates); 2.ANT, East Asia (5 isolates); and 2.MED, Kurdistan (26 isolates).