The change in arterial ventricular coupling after aerobic exercise training or detraining. Aerobic exercise training in healthy older individuals had minimal effects on (A) resting arterial elastance indexed to body surface area (EAI) and (B) end-systolic elastance indexed to body surface area (ELVI), but a slight increase in EA/ELV (C) at rest. However, at peak exercise aerobic exercise improved ELVI and lowered EA/ELV in previously sedentary older individuals. In contrast, in master athletes who stopped their endurance training, resting EAI (D), ELVI (E), and EA/ELV (F) was minimally affected by this detraining, whereas exercise detraining decreased ELV (∼12%) and blunted EA/ELV (∼32%) at peak exercise. Created from previously published data Schulman et al. (50).