Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Fontan (n=75) | TGA (n=20) | Cardiac normal (n=80) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 12.2±3.4 | 12.5±2.6 | 14.1±2.2 | <0.0001 |
| Male sex % (n) | 53% (40) | 60% (12) | 66% (53) | 0.26 |
| Race % (n) | ||||
| White | 76% (55) | 85% (17) | 58% (46) | 0.005 |
| Black or African-American | 12% (9) | 5% (1) | 8% (6) | |
| Other or chose not to answer | 12% (9) | 10% (2) | 35% (28) | |
| Height (cm) | 149±16 | 151±17 | 163±12 | <0.0001 |
| Weight (kg) | 43.0±14.6 | 43.0±15.1 | 57.2±16.5 | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index | 18.8±3.6 | 18.3±3.3 | 21.1±4.2 | 0.0002 |
| Habitual exercise (hours/week) | 6.8 (IQR: 4.4–10.9, Range: 0.5– 31.3) | 8 (IQR: 6.1–11.8, Range: 1.8–18.1) | 6.2 (IQR: 4.0–9.9, Range: 0.1–24.3) | 0.26 |
| Maximal exercise class % (n) | 0.06 | |||
| I | 0% (0) | 0% (0) | 0% (0) | |
| II | 7% (5) | 10% (2) | 9% (7) | |
| III | 28% (21) | 20% (4) | 10% (8) | |
| IV | 65% (49) | 70% (14) | 81% (65) | |
| Restriction (by cardiologist) % (n) | ||||
| Unrestricted | 27% (20) | 55% (11) | 83% (66) | <0.001 |
| Moderately strenuous activity | 55% (41) | 35% (7) | 9% (7) | |
| Mildly strenuous activity | 19% (14) | 5% (1) | 1% (1) | |
| No activity | 0% (0) | 5% (1) | 8% (6) | |
| Parent assessment of fitness % (n) | ||||
| 1 (Very poor) | 0% (0) | 0% (0) | 0% (0) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 11% (8) | 10% (2) | 1% (1) | |
| 3 | 33% (25) | 30% (6) | 21% (16) | |
| 4 | 43% (32) | 30% (6) | 32% (25) | |
| 5 (Very fit) | 13% (10) | 30% (6) | 45% (35) |
Abbreviations: IQR interquartile range, TGA transposition of the great arteries