Table 5.
Characteristics of research studies evaluating athletic performance on balance exercise tasks
| Citation | Participants | Dh protocol; ambient temperature; duration | Total REC (min) | Dh trial BM loss (%) | Fluid type | Fluid assimilation time (min) | Fluid intake (L kg BM lost−1) | Balance exercise task | Performance outcomes(s) | Performance outcomes significantly affected (Hedges’ g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erkmen et al. (2010) [61] | 17 M, physically active | EX (V); 21–24 °C; 60 min | Testing at 0 and 20 min | 3.3 | Water | 60/80 | 1.00 | One-leg stand static balance test | Eyes close and eyes open kOSI (0 min post-Dh) Eyes close and eyes open kOSI (20 min post-Dh) |
↓ Eyes open OSI 0 min post-Dh (1.12) |
| Ely et al. (2012a) [67] | 32 M, unacclimated | EX; 50 °C; 3 h work/rest | 90 | 4.1 | NaCl + water | 270 | 1.00 | 20-s dynamic balance test |
kOSI; l mean deflection; time spent stable (Testing at 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C and 40 °C) |
No effect |
Exercise intensity is described as high (H), vigorous (V) or moderate (M), in accordance with classifications outlined by Norton et al. [86]. Values are Hedges’ g effect sizes
Dh dehydration, EX exercise, OSI overall stability index, Total REC time from completing the dehydration protocol to commencing the subsequent task
hDuring the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT), participants completed a random sequence of eight short and long passes of a soccer ball towards a target, as quickly as possible with the fewest time penalties
iThe ‘Ghosting Test’ is a squash-specific movement test. Participants were instructed to collect a half-ball that was placed on three racquets positioned around the court, move to the ‘T’, and then to the next racquet at the opposite corner as quickly as possible
jDuring the In the Loughborough Shooting Test (LSST), participants were required to sprint ~12 m, then pass, control and shoot the ball at targets within the goal area
kThe overall stability index (OSI) is an indicator of a subject’s ability to balance on a platform. A higher OSI indicates poorer balance performance
lMean deflection was defined as the average position of the subject during the balance test. A higher mean deflection indicates more displacement and poorer balance performance