Table 1.

Table of included studies

Study	Type	Age-median (years)		Countries included	Duration of study	Sample size (n)	Participants/health care service description
		Intervention	Comparator				Intervention	Comparator
Chang et al. [21]	Cluster-randomized trial	35.5	34.0	South Africa	27 months; May 2006–July 2008	1336	Patients with Community- based peer health workers	Control group- accessing standard of care
Fatti et al. [45]	Cohort	35.1	34.6	South Africa	69 months; January 2004– September 2010	66,953	Patients who received community-based adherence support	Patients without community- based adherence support
Fatti et al. [46]	Cohort	6.3	6.6	South Africa	69 months; January 2004– September 2010	4,853	Patients who received community-based adherence support	Patients without community- based adherence support
Franke et al. [47]	Prospective cohort	37.0	37.0	Rwanda	15 months; June 2007 to August 2008	610	Community-Based Accompaniment	Clinic-Based Care
Grimsrud et al. [48]	Cohort	33.9	33.2	South Africa	20 months; May 2012–December 2013	8,150	Community based adherence club	Community Health Centre
Grimwood et al. [49•]	Cohort	6.8	6.2	South Africa	57 months; January 2004– September 2009	3,563	Children with patient advocates	Children without patient advocates
Jaffar et al. [25]	Cluster-randomized equivalence trial	37.0	38.0	Uganda	48 months; February 2005– January 2009	1,453	Home-based care	Facility based care
Johnston et al. [50]	Retrospective cohort	36.0	43.0	South Africa	75 months; January 2003– March 2010	417	Community cohort	Workplace cohort
Kipp et al. [51]	Cohort	36.8	34.8	Uganda	15 months; March 2006–May 2007	385	Centre/Community- based cohort	Hospital-based cohort
Kiweewa et al. [39]	Randomized controlled trial	27.0	27.8	Uganda	29 months; May 2007–September 2009	92	Nurse-Peer model	Doctor-Counsellor model
Luque-Fernandez et al. [27]	Cohort	Not reported	Not reported	South Africa	40 months; November 2007– February 2011	2,834	Adherence clubs	Traditional clinic-based care
Massavon et al. [52•]	Retrospective cohort	91.0 months	45.9 months	Uganda	2003–2010	1,623	Community home- based care approach	Facility-based family- centred approach
Mfinanga et al. [40•]	Open-label, randomized controlled trial	38.0 35.0	37.0 35.0	Tanzania Zambia	19 months; February, 2012–September, 2013	1,999	Clinic plus community support	Standard care
Nachega et al. [29]	Open-label, randomized controlled trial	35.7	36.7	South Africa	42 months; February 2005–July 2008	274	Directly observed therapy (DOT-ART) arm	Self-administered ART (Self-ART arm)
Selke et al. [41]	Cluster randomized controlled clinical trial	38.7	37.5	Kenya	26 months; March 2006– April 2008.	208	Community Care Coordinators arm patients	Standard of Care arm patients
Taiwo et al. [42]	Randomized controlled trial	Not reported	Not reported	Nigeria	19 months; June 2006– December 2007	499	Treatment partner- assisted ART	Patient-administered standard of care ART
Gross et al. [44]	Randomized controlled trial	38	37	Botswana, Brazil, Haiti, Peru, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe	30 months; April 2009– September 2011	259	Partner-based modified directly observed therapy	Standard of care
Nakigozi et al. [30]	Randomized controlled trial	37.6	37	Uganda	15 months; October 2010– January 2012	1,209	Patient-selected care buddy	Standard of care
Kaihin et al. [53]	Cohort	18.2	19.4	Thailand	4 months; April-July 2011	46	Experimental Group (Empowerment Intervention)	Control
Kunutsor et al. [26]	Randomized controlled trial	39.1	39.2	Uganda	8 months; March- September 2010	174	Standard adherence intervention package plus treatment supporter intervention	Standard intervention package
Munoz et al. [54]	Cohort	31.7	31.9	Peru	17 months; December 2005– April 2007	120	Community-based accompaniment with supervised antiretrovirals	Control
Coker et al. [43]a	Randomized controlled trial	Not reported	Not reported	Nigeria	18 months; August 2006–January 2008	400	Peer educators arm	Standard of care
Coker et al. [43]b	Randomized controlled trial	Not reported	Not reported	Nigeria	18 months; August 2006–January 2008	400	Home visits and peer educators arm	Standard of care