Table 3.

Risk of bias in included studies of randomized controlled trials

Study	Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Blinding of outcome assessors (performance bias)	Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)	Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Other bias
Chang et al. [21]	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Low
Jaffar et al. [25]	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Low
Kiweewa et al. [39]	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Low
Mfinanga et al. [40•]	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Low
Nachega et al. [29]	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Low
Selke et al. [41]	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Low
Taiwo et al. [42]	Low	Unclear	Unclear	Low	Low	Low
Gross et al. [44]	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Nakigozi et al. [30]	Low	Low	High	Low	Low	Low
Kunutsor et al. [26]	Low	Low	Unclear	Low	Low	Low
Coker et al. [43]	Low	Low	Unclear	High	Low	Low
	Low	Unclear	Unclear	High	Low	High