Table 2.

Results of a multivariate competing risks model testing for association between various covariates and the cumulative risk of death from prostate cancer, from other causes, or from any cause, and the cumulative risk of death from prostate cancer, from other causes, or from any cause.

Factor		Death from other causes		Death from prostate cancer		Death from any cause
		HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P
ACE 27	0	Referent
	1	1.24 (0.89–1.72)	0.20	0.84 (0.57–1.24)	0.37	1.05 (0.82–1.35)	0.72
	2	2.12 (1.45–3.10)	< 0.001	1.43 (0.87–2.34)	0.16	1.87 (1.39–2.53)	< 0.0001
	3	2.99 (1.72–5.21)	< 0.001	1.04 (0.37–2.89)	0.94	2.41 (1.51–3.86)	0.0002
Age		1.05 (1.03–1.07)	< 0.001	1.01 (0.98–1.04)	0.76	1.03 (1.01–1.05)	< 0.0001
No. of medications		1.09 (1.03–1.15)	0.005	1.02 (0.94–1.10)	0.72	1.08 (1.03–1.13)	0.003
Year of treatment		0.85 (0.80–0.90)	< 0.001	0.87 (0.79–0.94)	< 0.001	0.86 (0.82–0.90)	< 0.0001
ADT	Nil	Referent
	ST	1.06 (0.79–1.43)	0.68	0.85 (0.51–1.43)	0.54	0.94 (0.73–1.20)	0.61
	LT	1.02 (0.69–1.50)	0.93	1.11 (0.65–1.88)	0.71	0.98 (0.73–1.32)	0.89
GS	≤ 6	Referent
	7	1.02 (0.80–1.30)	0.88	2.12 (1.41– 3.47)	< 0.001	1.27 (1.02–1.57)	0.028
	8–10	1.19 (0.83–1.70)	0.35	5.68 (3.49–9.26)	< 0.001	2.30 (1.76–3.02)	< 0.0001
PSA	< 10	Referent
	10–<20	1.12 (0.88–1.43)	0.36	2.16 (1.42–3.31)	< 0.001	1.40 (1.14–1.72)	0.002
	≥ 20	1.15 (0.83–1.60)	0.40	1.94 (1.19–3.15)	< 0.001	1.44 (1.11–1.87)	0.005
Stage	1	Referent
	2	1.00 (0.74–1.36)	1.00	2.54 (1.21–5.33)	0.014	1.22 (0.92–1.57)	0.17
	3–4	1.06 (0.73–1.53)	0.76	3.94 1.86–8.36)	< 0.001	1.57 (1.16–2.13)	0.004

ACE-27, Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27; ADT, androgen deprivation therapy; CI, confidence interval; GS, Gleason score; HR, hazard ratio; LT, long term; PSA, prostate specific antigen; ST, short term.