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. 2017 Mar 20;7:44931. doi: 10.1038/srep44931

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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(A–D) Photographs of LRS (A,B) and MRS (C,D) inks being 3D-printed into a many-layered 2 cm-diameter cylinders and 12 cm long wrenches, respectively. (E) Photograph of MRS ink being 3D-printed into multiple stackable building blocks. (F) Photographs of 3D-printed LRS and MRS building blocks before and after manual assembly into an arbitrary structure. (G,J) SEM micrographs of 3D-printed LRS (G,H) and MRS (I,J) structures. Top-down (G,I) and cross-sectional (H,J) are shown. Insets show macroscopic photographs of structures. (K) Linear deposition (extrusion) rate of LRS Ink as a function of applied pressure and nozzle diameter. Low pressures and small tip diameters result in increased fidelity, but decreased fabrication times, while high pressures and larger tip diameters result in reduced fidelity, but faster fabrication times. (L) Experimentally measured and corresponding extrapolated volumetric deposition rates of LRS inks as a function of applied pressure and nozzle diameter. Colored lines correspond to extrusion pressures indicated in (K).