Table 3.
Tracts with significantly increased MD and AD values in TBI.
| Structure | MD |
AD |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD (×10−4 – mm2 s−1) |
p-Value (post hoc) | Mean ± SD (×10−3 – mm2 s−1) |
p-Value (post hoc) | |||
| TBI | HC | TBI | HC | |||
| Corpus callosum | 8.1 ± 0.4 | 7.8 ± 0.3 | 0.03 (0.008) | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 0.03 (0.004) |
| Corticospinal tract-R | – | – | – | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 0.03 (0.005) |
| Corticospinal tract-L | – | – | – | 1.2 ± 1 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 0.04 (0.007) |
| Cerebral peduncle-R | 6.8 ± 0.4 | 6.6 ± 0.4 | 0.04 (0.01) | 1.5 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 0.03 (0.005) |
| Cerebral peduncle-L | – | – | – | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 0.03 (0.005) |
| Internal capsule-R | 7.5 ± 0.3 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 0.03 (0.006) | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 0.02 (0.003) |
| Internal capsule-L | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 0.04 (0.01) | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.02 (0.003) |
| External capsule-R | 7.6 ± 0.3 | 7.3 ± 0.2 | 0.03 (0.009) | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.03 (0.003) |
| External capsule-L | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 0.04 (0.02) | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.02 (0.004) |
| Corona radiata-R | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 0.02 (0.003) | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.02 (0.002) |
| Corona radiata-L | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 0.03 (0.007) | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.02 (0.002) |
| Cingulum-R | 7.8 ± 0.3 | 7.4 ± 0.2 | 0.03 (0.005) | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.03 (0.004) |
| Cingulum-L | 7.7 ± 0.4 | 7.4 ± 0.2 | 0.03 (0.01) | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.03 (0.004) |
| Thalamic rad Post-R | 8.3 ± 0.4 | 7.9 ± 0.4 | 0.03 (0.007) | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.03 (0.004) |
| Thalamic rad Post-L | 8.0 ± 0.4 | 7.6 ± 0.4 | 0.04 (0.01) | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 0.04 (0.007) |
| Longitudinal fasc Sup-R | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.1 ± 0.2 | 0.02 (0.006) | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 0.03 (0.004) |
| Longitudinal fasc Sup-L | 7.5 ± 0.3 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 0.03 (0.009) | 1.2 ± 0.34 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.03 (0.005) |
| Frontooccipital fasc Sup-R | 7.1 ± 0.3 | 6.7 ± 0.2 | 0.02 (0.005) | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.02 (0.003) |
| Frontooccipital fasc Sup-L | 6.8 ± 0.4 | 6.5 ± 0.3 | 0.03 (0.008) | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.02 (0.002) |
White matter tracts where mean diffusivity (MD) and axial diffusivity (AD) were found to be significantly higher in the traumatic brain injury (TBI) group compared to healthy controls (HC), after controlling for age, sex, and time since injury at p-value ≤ 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons. For each structure, the mean value of the diffusion parameters is first calculated in every subject for only those voxels where significant differences were identified, and then the mean across all subjects is calculated. The p-values quoted are the mean values calculated only for those voxels where significant differences were identified. The numbers in parenthesis in the p-value column represent p-value obtained in the post hoc analyses which was performed with only those voxels where a significant difference at p-value ≤0.05 was earlier found.
fasc, fasciculus, L, left, Post, posterior, rad, radiations, R, right, Sup, superior.