Table 5.
Principal component analysis on the Digital Health Literacy Instrument at baseline (T1; N=200).
| Item | Componenta | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | ||
| How easy or difficult is it for you to… |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1. | Use the keyboard of a computer (eg, to type words)? | .838 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2. | Use the mouse (eg, to put the cursor in the right field or to click)? | .879 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3. | Use the buttons or links and hyperlinks on websites? | .817 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| When you search the Internet for information on health, how easy or difficult is it for you to… | ||||||||
| 4. | Make a choice from all the information you find? |
|
.777 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 5. | Use the proper words or search query to find the information you are looking for? |
|
.755 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 6. | Find the exact information you are looking for? |
|
.818 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 7. | Decide whether the information is reliable or not? |
|
|
.621 |
|
|
|
|
| 8. | Decide whether the information is written with commercial interests (eg, by people trying to sell a product)? |
|
|
.848 |
|
|
|
|
| 9. | Check different websites to see whether they provide the same information? |
|
|
.547 |
|
|
|
|
| 10. | Decide if the information you found is applicable to you? |
|
|
|
.557 |
|
|
|
| 11. | Apply the information you found in your daily life? |
|
|
|
.777 |
|
|
|
| 12. | Use the information you found to make decisions about your health (eg, on nutrition, medication or to decide whether to ask a doctor’s opinion)? |
|
|
|
.824 |
|
|
|
| When you search the Internet for health information, how often does it happen that… | ||||||||
| 13. | You lose track of where you are on a website or the Internet? |
|
|
|
|
.705 |
|
|
| 14. | You do not know how to return to a previous page? |
|
|
|
|
.584 |
|
|
| 15. | You click on something and get to see something different than you expected? |
|
|
|
|
.805 |
|
|
| When typing a message (eg, to your doctor, on a forum, or on social media such as Facebook or Twitter) how easy or difficult is it for you to… | ||||||||
| 16. | Clearly formulate your question or health-related worry? |
|
|
|
|
|
.825 |
|
| 17. | Express your opinion, thoughts, or feelings in writing? |
|
|
|
|
|
.880 |
|
| 18. | Write your message as such, for people to understand exactly what you mean? |
|
|
|
|
|
.891 |
|
| When you post a message on a public forum or social media, how often… | ||||||||
| 19. | Do you find it difficult to judge who can read along? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
.797 |
| 20 | Do you (intentionally or unintentionally) share your own private information (eg, name or address)? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
.791 |
| 21. | Do you (intentionally or unintentionally) share some else’s private information? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
.888 |
| Eigenvalue | 7.58 | 2.16 | 1.59 | 0.95 | 1.12 | 1.91 | 0.82 | |
| % of variance | 14.3 | 12.5 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 12.3 | 8.0 | |
aThe items were as follows: 1: operational skills; 2: information searching; 3: evaluating reliability; 4: determining relevance; 5: navigation skills; 6: adding self-generated content; 7: protecting privacy.