Table 3.

Weighted multinomial logistic regression of youth e-cigarette use on direct measures (Model 1), indirect measures (Model 2), and both direct and indirect measures (Model 3) of e-cigarette perceived relative harm: Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs.

	E-Cigarette Use			Pseudo R-Squared*
	Past 30-Day Use	Non-Past-30-Day Use	Never Use
Model 1				.067
Direct Measure:
E-cigarettes less harmful	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
E-cigarettes about the same	0.19 (0.14,0.26)	0.38 (0.32,0.45)	1.00 (ref)
E-cigarettes more harmful	0.15 (0.05,0.43)	0.41 (0.28,0.61)	1.00 (ref)
Don’t Know	0.04 (0.01,0.17)	0.08 (0.04,0.15)	1.00 (ref)
Model 2				.043
Indirect Measure:
E-cigarettes less harmful	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
E-cigarettes about the same	0.19 (0.13,0.27)	0.33 (0.27,0.41)	1.00 (ref)
E-cigarettes more harmful	0.91 (0.35,2.37)	0.79 (0.36,1.74)	1.00 (ref)
Don’t Know	0.31 (0.12,0.82)	0.08 (0.03,0.25)	1.00 (ref)
Model 3				.079
Direct Measure:
E-cigarettes less harmful	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
E-cigarettes about the same	0.25 (0.18,0.35)	0.48 (0.39,0.60)	1.00 (ref)
E-cigarettes more harmful	0.24 (0.08,0.73)	0.67 (0.42,1.05)	1.00 (ref)
Don’t Know	0.05 (0.01,0.22)	0.13 (0.07,0.24)	1.00 (ref)
Indirect Measure:
E-cigarettes less harmful	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
E-cigarettes about the same	0.41 (0.26,0.63)	0.48 (0.37,0.62)	1.00 (ref)
E-cigarettes more harmful	1.77 (0.66,4.74)	1.03 (0.45,2.36)	1.00 (ref)
Don’t Know	0.90 (0.33,2.46)	0.19 (0.06,0.59)	1.00 (ref)

Note: Values that are statistically significant at the .05 level are in bold. For each model, participants lacking data on any variable were excluded from analysis.

^*Pseudo r-squared values are adjusted Nagelkerke pseudo r-square from unweighted models.