Table 2.
Correlations between average real-time mental effort and cognitive performance for the ADHD-risk and ADHD non-risk groups.
| ADHD non-risk n = 99 Mean (SD) | ADHD-risk n = 136 Mean (SD) | Fisher’s Z | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Real-time average effort and actual accuracy | |||
Effort ( ) and actual accuracy () |
-0.12 | -0.20* | 0.61 |
| Effort () and actual accuracy (hard) |
-0.06 | -0.29*** | 1.78∗ |
| Effort () and actual accuracy (medium) |
-0.15 | -0.17 | 0.15 |
| Effort () and actual accuracy (easy) |
-0.01 | -0.05 | 0.30 |
| Real-time average discomfort and actual accuracy | |||
| Discomfort () and actual accuracy () |
-0.14 | -0.25* | 0.85 |
| Discomfort () and actual accuracy (hard) |
-0.08 | -0.31*** | 1.79∗ |
| Discomfort () and actual accuracy (medium) |
-0.17 | -0.19* | 0.15 |
| Discomfort () and actual accuracy (easy) |
-0.03 | -0.21* | 1.37 |
| Perceived accuracy and actual accuracy | |||
| Perceived accuracy and actual accuracy () |
0.39∗∗∗ | 0.24** | 1.25 |
| Perceived accuracy and actual accuracy (hard) | 0.49∗∗∗ | 0.30*** | 1.69∗ |
| Perceived accuracy and actual accuracy (medium) | 0.36∗∗∗ | 0.22* | 1.14 |
| Perceived accuracy and actual accuracy (easy) | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.45 |
Asterisk indicated the significance of correlation coefficients within each group, where ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; ∗∗∗p < 0.001. Two-tailed Z-critical is 1.96 for p < 0.05; One-tailed Z-critical is 1.65 for p < 0.05.