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Schematic representation of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Guide RNA (gRNA) guides Cas9 to the target sequence (red) to create a double-stranded break (DSB) adjacent to the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) (green). DNA repair by nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) causes indel (blue) formation, whereas homology-directed repair (HDR) in the presence of a donor DNA template (brown) results in gene correction or insertion.
