Table 1.
Participant clinical and demographic characteristics
| Group | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Survivors | Controls | ||
| Number in each group | N = 73 | N = 61 | |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.378Chi | ||
| Male | 28 (38.4%) | 28 (45.9%) | |
| Female | 45 (61.6%) | 33 (54.1%) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.159Chi | ||
| Malay | 23 (31.5%) | 21 (34.4%) | |
| Chinese | 45 (61.6%) | 29 (47.5%) | |
| Indian | 5 (6.8%) | 10 (16.4%) | |
| Others | 0 | 1 (1.6%) | |
| Age at recruitment, years (IQR) | 26 (22–29.5) | 23 (21–24) | 0.001MW |
| Age at diagnosis, years (IQR) | 5 (2.25–9) | – | |
| Diagnosis, n (%) | – | ||
| ALL | 73 (100%) | – | |
| Duration of cancer therapy, years (IQR) | 18.5 (14–23) | – | |
| Cancer therapy history | – | ||
| Anthracyclines, n (%) | 53 (73.6%) | – | |
| Alkylating agents, n (%) | 55 (76.4%) | – | |
| Anthracylines and alkylating agents, n (%) | 52 (72.2%) | – | |
| Radiotherapy received, n (%) | 36 (50%) | – | |
| Cancer relapse, n (%) | 2 (2.7%) | ||
| Second neoplasms, n (%) | 3 (4.1%) | – | |
| Diabetes mellitus or hypertension, n (%) | 3 (4.1%) | 0 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (IQR) | 23.5 (20.7–27.5) | 21.8 (20.3–25.2) | 0.006T |
| Mode of birth (caesarean/vaginal), n/n | 5/63 | 9/50 | 0.238Chi |
| aAntibiotic intake, n (%) | 7 (9.6%) | 7 (11.5%) | 0.789Chi |
Data shown are median (interquartile range, IQR) or n (%). n = number of subjects. Variables are significantly different between survivors compared to controls if p < 0.05 on T = Student’s t test, MW = Mann Whitney test or Chi = Chi-square tests
aNumber of subjects who consumed any antibiotic within 1 month prior to recruitment