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. 2017 Jan 9;66(4):970–980. doi: 10.2337/db16-1036

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© 2017 by the American Diabetes Association.

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. More information is available at http://www.diabetesjournals.org/content/license.

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AAT reduces TF expression and inhibits neutrophil infiltration to human islet in miniature tube assay. A: Reduced TF expression was observed in human islets (Hi) transplanted to AAT-treated recipients compared with controls 15 min after exposure to NOD-SCID blood. GM, growth medium. B: Relative fluorescence intensity of TF divided by intensity of insulin from the AAT or control (Ctrl) group. ImageJ software was used to measure three to nine islets in each group. More polymorphonuclear cell infiltrations were observed in Ctrl islets compared with AAT-treated islets as determined by naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase staining 15 min after exposure to NOD-SCID blood as measured by immunohistochemistry staining (C) and cell counting (D). Scale bars = 50 μm. More than 30 islets were counted in each group. *P < 0.05 AAT vs. Ctrl, ***P < 0.001 by Student t test.