Table 1. Population table of included RCTs (N = 178 studies, 46,258 participants).
| NTCVAD | PICC | TIVAD | Tunneled | Combined | CVAD-NS | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Population (number of participants) | |||||||
| Adult | 23,435 (60%) | 2,742 (7%) | 4,322 (11%) | 917 (2%) | 7,222 (19%) | 341 (1%) | 38,979 (100%) |
| Pediatrics | 431 (24%) | 240 (13%) | 151 (8%) | 744 (41%) | 250 (14%) | 0 | 1,816 (100%) |
| Neonates | 87 (4%) | 1,572 (78%) | 0 | 0 | 350 (18%) | 0 | 2,009 (100%) |
| Combined | 240 (18%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1089 (82%) | 0 | 1,329 (100%) |
| Staff | 724 (88%) | 32 (4%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 65 (8%) | 821 (100%) |
| Unknown | 394 (30%) | 250 (19%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 660 (51%) | 1,304 (100%) |
| Total | 25,311 (55%) | 4,836 (10%) | 4,473 (10%) | 1,661 (4%) | 8,911 (19%) | 1,066 (2%) | 46,258 (100%) |
| Setting (number of studies) | |||||||
| Inpatient | 65 (47%) | 27 (19%) | 11 (8%) | 12 (9%) | 20 (14%) | 3 (2%) | 138 (100%) |
| Outpatient | 0 | 3 (38%) | 4 (50%) | 0 | 1 (13%) | 0 | 8 (100%) |
| Both | 0 | 2 (33%) | 4 (67%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (100%) |
| Staff | 11 (85%) | 1 (8%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (8%) | 13 (100%) |
| Not stated | 2 (15%) | 7 (54%) | 1 (8%) | 0 | 1 (8%) | 2 (15%) | 13 (100%) |
| Total | 78 (44%) | 40 (22%) | 20 (11%) | 12 (7%) | 22 (12%) | 6 (3%) | 178 (100%) |
| Clinical setting (number of studies) | |||||||
| Intensive Care Unit (ICU) | 37 (61%) | 19 (30%) | 0 | 0 | 4 (7%) | 1 (2%) | 61 (100%) |
| Adult ICU | (35) | (2) | (0) | (0) | (1) | (1) | (39) |
| Pediatric ICU | (1) | (1) | (0) | (0) | (0) | (0) | (2) |
| Neonatal ICU | (1) | (16) | (0) | (0) | (3) | (0) | (20) |
| Hematology/Oncology | 5 (10%) | 4 (8%) | 16 (33%) | 10 (20%) | 11 (22%) | 3 (7%) | 49 (100%) |
| Operating room | 18 (90%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (5%) | 1 (5%) | 20 (100%) |
| All patients requiring vascular access/outpatients/not stated | 2 (10%) | 10 (50%) | 4 (20%) | 1 (5%) | 3 (15%) | 0 | 20 (100%) |
| Education/Training facility | 10 (91%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (9%) | 11 (100%) |
| Medical/Surgical | 2 (25%) | 3 (38%) | 0 | 1 (12%) | 2 (25%) | 0 | 8 (100%) |
| Combined | 4 (66%) | 1 (17%) | 0 | 0 | 1 (17%) | 0 | 6 (100%) |
| Radiology department | 0 | 3 (100%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (100%) |
| Emergency department* | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 78 (45%) | 40 (22%) | 20 (11%) | 12 (7%) | 22 (12%) | 6 (3%) | 178 (100%) |
*Two studies were undertaken in ED in conjunction with other clinical areas, but no study was undertaken in ED alone.
RCT: Randomized Controlled Trial; CVAD: Central Venous Access Device; NTCVAD: Non-tunneled Central Venous Access Device; PICC: Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter; TIVAD: Totally Implantable Vascular Access Device; CVAD NS: Central Venous Access Device Not Specified