Isopsoralen (ISO) stimulates bone-derived marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation into osteoblasts in vitro. ISO (0, 5, 10 or 20 µM) was added to primary mouse BMSCs under osteogenic differentiation conditions for 2 weeks. (A) Osteocalcin (OCN) immunocytochemistry and (B) runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) immunofluorescence were performed to examine the expression of osteoblast-specific proteins following treatment with ISO. (A) ISO increased OCN expression (brown) in BMSCs in a dose-dependent manner, with more pronounced effects at 20 µM ISO (C). (B) ISO dose-dependently enhanced RUNX2 (red) activity in BMSCs, particularly at a concentration of 20 µM (D). *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 compared to the group without ISO (Con, control). Columns represent the means ± SD from 9 wells/group (C and D).