Figure 1.
(A) Chemical structure of naringin (Nar). (B) Pre-treatment with Nar at various concentrations (200, 600 and 1,000 ng/ml) and for different periods of time (0.5, 1 and 2 h) mitigated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell death. (C) Safe dose of Nar to maintain cell viability. (D) Dose- and time-dependent effects of LPS on cell viability. Data are presented as the means ± SD (n=5 treatment groups). *p<0.05 and **p<0.01 compared with the LPS group.