Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Reproductive Characteristics of the Study Population
| Suicidal Ideation | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants (N= 1,298) |
No (N = 1,188) |
Yes (N = 110) |
|||||||
| Characteristics | n | % | n | % | n | % | P value c |
||
| Age (years) a | 28.9 ± 6.1 | 28.9 ± 6.1 | 28.9 ± 6.4 | 0.95 | |||||
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| 18–19 | 49 | 3.8 | 44 | 3.7 | 5 | 4.6 | 0.54 | ||
| 20–29 | 669 | 51.5 | 618 | 52.0 | 51 | 46.4 | |||
| 30–34 | 311 | 24.0 | 279 | 23.5 | 32 | 29.1 | |||
| ≥35 | 269 | 20.7 | 247 | 20.8 | 22 | 20.0 | |||
| Education (years)a | 12.2 ± 2.4 | 12.2 ± 2.4 | 11.6 ± 2.4 | 0.004 | |||||
| Education (years) | |||||||||
| ≤6 | 39 | 3.0 | 34 | 2.9 | 5 | 4.6 | |||
| 7–12 | 697 | 53.7 | 623 | 52.4 | 74 | 67.3 | 0.003 | ||
| >12 | 562 | 43.3 | 531 | 44.7 | 31 | 28.2 | |||
| Mestizo (race) | 0.29 | ||||||||
| Mestizo | 1273 | 98.1 | 1167 | 98.2 | 106 | 96.4 | |||
| Other | 25 | 1.9 | 21 | 1.8 | 4 | 3.6 | |||
| Marital Status | 0.16 | ||||||||
| Married/living with a partner |
1121 | 86.4 | 1032 | 86.9 | 89 | 80.9 | |||
| Single/Divorced | 176 | 13.6 | 155 | 13.1 | 21 | 19.1 | |||
| Employed | 0.17 | ||||||||
| No | 879 | 67.7 | 798 | 67.2 | 81 | 73.6 | |||
| Yes | 419 | 32.3 | 390 | 32.8 | 29 | 26.4 | |||
| Access to basic foods | 0.02 | ||||||||
| Hard | 640 | 49.3 | 574 | 48.3 | 66 | 60.0 | |||
| Not very hard | 658 | 50.7 | 614 | 51.7 | 44 | 40.0 | |||
| Nulliparous | 0.04 | ||||||||
| Nulliparous | 424 | 32.7 | 398 | 33.5 | 26 | 23.6 | |||
| Multiparous | 874 | 67.3 | 790 | 66.5 | 84 | 76.4 | |||
| Planned pregnancy | 0.006 | ||||||||
| No | 710 | 54.7 | 636 | 53.5 | 74 | 67.3 | |||
| Yes | 588 | 45.3 | 552 | 46.5 | 36 | 32.7 | |||
| Smoke during pregnancy |
0.92 | ||||||||
| No | 1285 | 99.0 | 1176 | 99.0 | 109 | 99.1 | |||
| Yes | 13 | 1.0 | 12 | 1.0 | 1 | 0.9 | |||
| Alcohol use during pregnancy | 0.09 | ||||||||
| No | 1261 | 97.1 | 1157 | 97.4 | 104 | 94.5 | 0.54 | ||
| Yes | 37 | 2.9 | 31 | 2.6 | 6 | 5.5 | |||
| Gestational age at interviewa |
25.6 ± 1.2 | 25.5 ± 1.2 | 25.7 ± 1.3 | 0.24 | |||||
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) |
25.2 ± 4.0 | 25.2 ± 3.9 | 25.6 ± 4.2 | 0.34 | |||||
| BMI at interview (kg/m2) |
27.7 ± 3.8 | 27.7 ± 3.8 | 27.9 ± 4.3 | 0.52 | |||||
| Self-reported health (last year) | |||||||||
| Good | 860 | 66.3 | 805 | 67.8 | 55 | 50.0 | <0.001 | ||
| Poor | 438 | 33.7 | 383 | 32.2 | 55 | 50.0 | |||
| Self-reported health status
during pregnancy |
|||||||||
| Good | 679 | 52.3 | 644 | 54.2 | 35 | 31.8 | <0.001 | ||
| Poor | 619 | 47.7 | 544 | 45.8 | 75 | 68.2 | |||
| Antepartum depressionb | <0.001 | ||||||||
| No | 1165 | 89.8 | 1099 | 92.5 | 66 | 60.0 | |||
| Yes | 133 | 10.2 | 89 | 7.5 | 40 | 40.0 | |||
Due to missing data, percentages may not add up to 100%.
Abbreviations: PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; BMI, Body Mass Index
a
: Mean ± SD (standard deviation)
b
: Antepartum depression was defined as the PHQ-8 score ≥ 10.
c
: For continuous variables, P-value calculated using Student's t-tests or Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test; for categorical variables, P-value was calculated using Chi-square test or Fisher exact test.