Effect of hyperthermic seizures was transmitted transgenerationally. (a) and (b) MES induced higher scores in female (n = 8 for the FS group and n = 15 for the control group) and male offspring, respectively (n = 7 for the FS group and n = 8 for the control group). (c) The developmental weight curve after FS. The FS group and control group did not show obvious differences. (d) Susceptibility to MES in F2 offspring of control and FS groups (n = 16 for the FS group, n = 12 for the control group). (e) Susceptibility to MES in 90-day-old offspring whose parents experienced 10 seizures or 4 × 2 seizures was compared with age-matched offspring of control rats (n = 15 for the 10 FS group, n = 18 for the 4 × 2 FS group, and n = 23 for the control group). (f) MES-induced seizure scores were assessed in the 90-day-old offspring of 10-FS female and non-FS male rats (n = 13) or in the offspring of non-FS female and 10-FS male rats (n = 8). MES-induced seizure scores in the offspring of non-FS parents are also shown for comparison (n = 13). (g) Maternal care did not affect the transgenerational transmission of seizure susceptibility. Offspring of FS rats, either raised by FS or non-FS rats (n = 6 for each group), displayed higher susceptibility to MES-induced seizures compared with control rats (n = 6); offspring of non-FS rats, reared by FSs foster mothers (n = 6) displayed normal seizure susceptibility compared with control rats. C(F1)-C(F0): offspring of control rats reared by control mothers; C(F1)-FS(F0): offspring of control rats reared by FS mothers; FS(F1)-C(F0): offspring of FS rats reared by control mothers; FS(F1)-FS(F0): offspring of FS rats reared by FS mothers; Error bars indicated SEM. ***P < 0.001, *P < 0.05 compared with control group reared by control mothers; #P < 0.05 compared with control group reared by FS mothers.