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. 2017 Mar 22;8:388. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00388

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Copyright © 2017 Scholz, Malabarba, Reichelt, Heyer, Ludewig and Mithöfer.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Feeding assay of Spodoptera littoralis larvae on Arabidopsis WT and pop2-5 plants. S. littoralis first instar larvae were pre-weighed and three larvae were placed on each plant. The larval weight (mean ± SE) was measured after 7 days of feeding. (A) Final weight of larvae after feeding for 1 week on WT (white) and pop2-5 (black) plants. The total number of larvae weighed (N) is indicated in the bars. (B) Larval macroscopic view after 1 week of feeding on the indicated mutants. Experiments were repeated three times independently. Significant differences between WT and GABA mutant plants after feeding were analyzed by Student’s t-test (^∗∗∗P ≤ 0.001).