Table 2. Cluster characteristics—dairy intakes per MJ in the different clusters (n=1497) and %energy from macronutrients.
| Variable | ‘Whole milk' Cluster n 675 | ‘Reduced fat milks and yogurt' Cluster n 56z4 | ‘Butter and cream' cluster n 258 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ±s.e. | Mean ±s.e. | Mean ±s.e. | ||
| Mean daily saturated fat per g | 32.2a±14.0 | 25.7b±11. 0 | 32.2a±11.8 | <0.001 |
| Mean daily total fat per g | 80.6a±31.4 | 67.5b±26.0 | 80.7a±26.8 | <0.001 |
| % energy MUFA | 12.7a±2.7 | 11.7b±2.7 | 12.6a±2.6 | <0.001 |
| % energy PUFA | 5.9±2.1 | 6.1±2.5 | 5.9±1.8 | 0.46 |
| % energy SFA | 13.8a±3.5 | 12.2b±3.5 | 14.0a±3.3 | <0.001 |
| % Energy fat | 34.7a±6.3 | 32.0b±6.6 | 34.9a±6.2 | <0.001 |
| % Energy protein | 16.4a±3.4 | 17.8b±3.7 | 16.5a±3.8 | <0.001 |
| Age/years | 43.5±17.1 | 45.7±16.9 | 44.5±17.2 | 0.074 |
| Energy/MJ | 8.7a±2.9 | 7.9b±2.6 | 8.8a±2.6 | <0.001 |
| Male:female ratio | 58:42 | 41:59 | 46:54 | <0.001 |
| Total milk per mJ | 26.7a±21.5 | 33.4b±21.8 | 23.9a±16.4 | <0.001 |
| Whole milk per mJ | 21.5a±22.2 | 5.2b±8.7 | 11.1c±12.9 | <0.001 |
| Semi-skimmed milk per mJ | 3.1a±7.4 | 17.3b±21.7 | 7.7c±13.5 | <0.001 |
| Fortified milk per mJ | 0.4a±2.4 | 6.2b±14.2 | 2.7c±9.8 | <0.001 |
| Skimmed milk per mJ | 0.6a±2.9 | 4.1b±11.6 | 1.7a±5.6 | <0.001 |
| Total cheese per mJ | 2.2a±2.3 | 2.0a±2.1 | 1.8b±1.7 | 0.011 |
| Lower-fat cheeses per mJ | 0.4a±0.7 | 1.3b±1.8 | 0.6a±1.0 | <0.001 |
| Higher-fat cheeses per mJ | 1.8a±2.1 | 0.8b±1.1 | 1.1b±1.5 | <0.001 |
| Skimmed milk cheese per mJ | 0.0a±0.1 | 0.1b±0.7 | 0.0a±0.2 | 0.002 |
| Partially skimmed milk cheese per mJ | 0.0a±0.1 | 0.0b±0.3 | 0.0a±0.2 | 0.05 |
| Medium-fat cheese per mJ | 0.4a±0.7 | 1.1b±1.7 | 0.6a±0.9 | <0.001 |
| Full fat cheese per mJ | 1.7a±2.1 | 0.7b±1.1 | 1.1c±1.4 | <0.001 |
| High-fat cheese per mJ | 0.1±0.4 | 0.0±0.2 | 0.1±0.3 | 0.47 |
| Butter per mJ | 0.0a±0.1 | 0.0a±0.1 | 0.4b±0.4 | <0.001 |
| Total cream per mJ | 0.1a±0.2 | 0.1a±0.3 | 1.1b±1.3 | <0.001 |
| Total yogurt per mJ | 1.6a±3.3 | 7.3b±8.7 | 3.6c±5.4 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; BMI, body mass index; HEI, healthy eating index; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fat. Mean values were analysed across clusters of dairy intakes via ANCOVA adjusting for age, gender, energy intake, HEI score and BMI. Different superscript (a, b, c) letters indicate significant differences between the groups after post hoc correction (significance level of 0.0018 was applied after correction for multiple tests). Significant values P < 0.05 are shown in bold.