Table 1.
Microbial conversion of crude glycerol to value-added products.
| Sl. no. | Species | Strain | Product/yield (mol/mol glycerol) |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Clostridium |
C.pasteurianam (immobilized) C. butyricum AKR102a C. butyricum VPI 3266 Engineered C. acetobutylicum |
n-butanol/0.43 1,3-PDO/0.63 1,3-PDO/0.65 1,3-PDO/0.66 |
Wilkens et al. [51] Gonzales et al. [52] Gonzales et al. [53] Jensen et al. [54] |
| 2 | E. coli | Engineered E. coli SY03 E. coli AC521 Engineered E. coli |
Ethanol/1 Lactic acid/0.9 Succinate/0.8 |
Hong et al. [55] Zhang et al. [56] Metsoviti et al. [57] |
| 3 | Citrobacter |
C. freundii FMCC-B294 C. werkmanii DSM 17579 C. freundii H3 |
1,3-PDO/0.48 1,3-PDO/0.62 H2/0.94 |
Maervoet et al. [58] Maru et al. [59] Yang et al. [60] |
| 4 | Klebsiella | Engineered K. pneumonia K. pneumonia (Encapsulated) K. oxytoca (Lactate deficient) K. pneumonia (Inactivated ADH) |
Ethanol/0.89 1,3-PDO/0.65 1,3-PDO/0.41 1,3-PDO/0.70 |
Zhao et al. [61] Yang et al. [62] Zhang et al. [63] Zhang et al. [64] |
| 5 |
Propionibacterium Bacteria |
Engineered P. acidipropionici Strain P. freudenreichi subsp. Shermanii NCIM 5137 |
Propionic acid/0.66 Trehalose/391 mg/g biomass |
Ruhal et al. [65] Sabourin et al. [66] |
| 6 | Other bacteria and mixed culture |
R. palustris CGA009 P. macerans |
H2/6 H2/0.801 |
Gupta et al. [67] Andre et al. [68] |
| 7 | Fungi |
L. edodes strains A. niger strains Thamnidium elegans |
SCO/0.1 g/g biomass SCO/0.41 1 g/g biomass SCO and PUFAs |
Chatzifragku et al. [69] Imandi et al. [70] Rywinska et al. [71] |
| 8 | Yeast |
Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7 Cryptococcus curvatus Rhodotorula glutinis Engineered S. cerevisiae |
Citric acid/0.33 SCO/52% lipid content SCO/36.5% lipid content Ethanol |
Liang et al. [72] Jung et al. [73] Chi et al. [74] Sánchez et al. [75] |
| 9 | Microalgae | S. limacinum SR21 | DHA | Pyle et al. [76] |