Table 1.
Characteristics of the respondents in the HaBIDS study by survey design group
| Mixed-mode group [na (%)] | Online-only group [na (%)] | p valueb | Within mixed-mode | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paper-and-pencil [na (%)] | Online [na (%)] | p valuec | ||||
| N = 1110 | N = 482 | N = 620 | N = 490 | |||
| Sex | 0.71 | <0.001 | ||||
| Female | 683 (61.6) | 292 (60.6) | 417 (67.4) | 266 (54.3) | ||
| Male | 426 (38.4) | 190 (39.4) | 202 (32.6) | 224 (45.7) | ||
| Age at baseline (March 2014), median (IQR) | 47 (34–57) | 50 (39–59) | 0.009d | 50 (36–60) | 44 (32–53) | <0.001e |
| Marital status [na (%)] | 0.04 | 0.15 | ||||
| Married | 656 (59.4) | 298 (64.6) | 363 (58.7) | 293 (60.3) | ||
| Unmarried | 333 (30.2) | 110 (23.9) | 181 (29.3) | 152 (31.3) | ||
| Other (divorced, widowed) | 115 (10.4) | 53 (11.5) | 74 (12.0) | 41 (8.4) | ||
| Highest completed educational level | 0.67 | <0.001 | ||||
| Lower secondary education or apprenticeship | 336 (30.4) | 139 (30.1) | 229 (36.9) | 107 (22.0) | ||
| Still at upper secondary school | 25 (2.3) | 10 (2.2) | 21 (3.4) | 4 (0.8) | ||
| University entrance qualification (upper secondary education or vocational school) | 289 (26.1) | 134 (29.0) | 152 (24.5) | 137 (28.1) | ||
| University degree | 457 (41.3) | 179 (38.7) | 218 (35.2) | 239 (49.1) | ||
| Access to the Internet | 0.008 | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 1068 (96.8) | 451 (99.1) | 584 (94.5) | 484 (99.8) | ||
| No | 35 (3.2) | 4 (0.9) | 34 (5.5) | 1 (0.2) | ||
aDifferences to total N due to missing values, proportions excluding missing values
bχ2 test comparing mixed-mode design group in total with online-only design group (missing values were not considered)
cχ2 test comparing paper mode with online mode (missing values were not considered)
dWilcoxon rank-sum test comparing mixed-mode design group in total with online-only design group
eWilcoxon rank-sum test comparing paper mode with online mode