Table 3.

Critical appraisal results for included studies using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Economic Evaluations

Source	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q6	Q7	Q8	Q9	Q10	Q11
	Well-defined question	Comprehensive description of alternatives	All important and relevant costs and outcomes for each alternative identified	Clinical effectiveness established	Costs and outcomes measured accurately	Costs and outcomes valued credibly	Costs and outcomes adjusted for differential timing	Incremental analysis of costs and consequences	Sensitivity analyses conducted	Study results include all issues of concern to users	Results are generalizable
Arling 1987 [44]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No
Bland 1992 [37]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear
Davis 1993 [41]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No
Farsi 2004 [36]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear
Holmes 1996 [45]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No
Smith 1992 [50]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear
Sulvetta 1986 [49]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	Unclear
Ullmann 1984 [46]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear
Ullmann 1986 [48]	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear
Ullmann 1987 [47]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear
Calkins 2007 [38]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	No	No	No	No	Yes
Chenoweth 2014 [40]	Yes	Yes	No	No	Unclear	Yes	No	No	No	No	Unclear
Jenkens 2011 [39]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Maas 1998 [35]; Swanson 1993 [42]; Swanson 1994 [43]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	Unclear	No	No	No	No	Unclear