Table 3.
Characteristic according to quartiles of FEV1 (% predicted)a
| Quartile 1 (n = 454) | Quartile 2 (n = 467) | Quartile 3 (n = 464) | Quartile 4 (n = 467) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FEV1 (%) | 0.66 ± 0.11 | 0.83 ± 0.03 | 0.95 ± 0.05 | 1.42 ± 0.26 | <0.001 |
| FVC (%) | 0.66 ± 0.14 | 0.79 ± 0.12 | 0.92 ± 0.20 | 1.13 ± 0.30 | <0.001 |
| FEV1/FVC ratio | 73.21 ± 22.91 | 77.23 ± 22.01 | 76.63 ± 22.81 | 78.02 ± 22.61 | <0.001 |
| MS (n, %) | 282(62.11) | 273(58.46) | 255(54.96) | 240(51.39) | <0.001 |
| NAFLD (n, %) | 200(44.05) | 171(36.62) | 162(34.91) | 145(30.79) | <0.001 |
| Age (years)b | 56.37 ± 8.22 | 55.51 ± 7.72 | 55.17 ± 8.12 | 56.68 ± 7.50 | 0.004 |
| Male (n, %) | 47(10.35) | 82(17.56) | 164(35.34) | 382(81.80) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking (n, %) | 55(12.11) | 68(14.56) | 87(18.75) | 159(34.05) | <0.001 |
| Current drinker (n, %) | 64(14.10) | 90(19.27) | 89(19.18) | 175(37.47) | <0.001 |
| Regular exerciser (n, %) | 263(57.93) | 285(61.03) | 272(58.62) | 287(61.46) | 0.872 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.81 ± 3.93 | 24.76 ± 3.64 | 25.05 ± 3.42 | 24.74 ± 3.32 | 0.556 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 136.28 ± 19.26 | 135.84 ± 19.25 | 134.38 ± 18.12 | 133.54 ± 20.55 | 0.002 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 82.50 ± 10.43 | 82.12 ± 10.49 | 82.06 ± 10.36 | 81.90 ± 10.81 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 86.04 ± 11.68 | 85.06 ± 11.34 | 86.05 ± 10.27 | 84.70 ± 10.29 | 0.015 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 6.55 ± 1.88 | 6.50 ± 3.64 | 6.48 ± 1.90 | 6.36 ± 1.49 | 0.004 |
| 2 h PG (mmol/L) | 9.30 ± 4.20 | 9.10 ± 4.39 | 9.03 ± 4.09 | 8.47 ± 3.79 | 0.017 |
| A1C(%) | 5.88 ± 1.07 | 5.88 ± 1.14 | 5.83 ± 1.11 | 5.70 ± 0.93 | 0.035 |
| HOMA-IRc | 2.30(1.42–3.33) | 1.79(1.28–2.63) | 1.70(1.23–2.52) | 1.64(1.15–2.31) | 0.025 |
| eGFR | 124.85 ± 25.05 | 121.73 ± 21.24 | 119.85 ± 21.90 | 115.14 ± 21.27 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.86 ± 1.26 | 1.73 ± 1.35 | 1.80 ± 1.38 | 1.77 ± 1.42 | 0.035 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.06 ± 0.93 | 4.95 ± 1.02 | 4.98 ± 0.84 | 4.92 ± 0.82 | 0.125 |
| HDL–c (mmol/L) | 1.33 ± 0.32 | 1.32 ± 0.30 | 1.32 ± 0.31 | 1.32 ± 0.31 | 0.031 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.83 ± 0.75 | 2.79 ± 0.79 | 2.70 ± 0.67 | 2.69 ± 0.68 | 0.007 |
| ALT(units/l) | 21.22 ± 14.07 | 21.15 ± 14.28 | 19.94 ± 13.53 | 18.17 ± 13.09 | <0.001 |
| AST(units/l) | 24.97 ± 12.85 | 24.31 ± 12.66 | 24.03 ± 11.49 | 22.47 ± 10.29 | <0.001 |
| GGT(units/l) | 41.25 ± 37.73 | 38.07 ± 43.25 | 31.24 ± 34.71 | 28.99 ± 36.52 | <0.001 |
SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, BMI body mass index, OGTT Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, FPG Fasting Plasma Glucose, 2 h PG postprandial 2-h Plasma Glucose, HbA1C HbA1C hemoglobin A1C, eGFR estimate the glomerular filtration rate, LDL Low-density lipoprotein, HDL high--density lipoprotein, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, GGT γ-glutamyltransferase
aData are presented as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or number (percent); P value was calculated after adjustment for age, gender
bNot adjusted for itself
cThis variables was log transformed before analysis