Table 1. Isotopic characteristics (mean ± SD) of the various water samples at the Gobabeb Research and Training Centre, Central Namib Desert.

Nonrainfall water refers to combined fog and dew samples. ‰, per mil; n, sample size.

Sample type	δ18O‰	δ2H‰	δ17O‰	n
Rain	+2.16 ± 3.0	+12.72 ± 28.84	+0.83 ± 2.9	5
Nonrainfall water	+0.39 ± 3.5	+3.74 ± 17.8	+0.11 ± 1.9	53
Dew (composite)	−1.25 ± 3.1	−7.97 ±13.7	−1.22 ± 1.6	15
Fog (composite)	+1.03 ± 3.4	+8.37 ± 17.3	+0.64 ± 1.8	38
River water (Kuiseb)	−11.49	−85.11	−6.51	1
Groundwater*	−9.33 ± 0.3	−63.97 ± 2.0	−4.54 ± 0.2	4
Groundwater†	−6.80 ± 0.2	−45.88 ± 0.7	−3.43 ± 0.2	2

*Shallow aquifer.

†Deep aquifer.