Fig 3. Restriction of cell tropism alters cytokine and chemokine responses in the lungs.

C57BL/6J mice (n = 8) were intranasally infected with a 25 PFU dose of the H5N1 viruses and total RNA from the lungs was isolated on day 5 pi via Trizol extraction. Expression levels of inflammatory genes (IFN-β, MIP-1α, CCL2, IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα) were measured by quantitative PCR analyses. Data is represented as fold expression relative to mock infected mice (mean ± SEM). Asterisk denotes statistical significance determined by one-way ANOVA and the values are denoted as *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 and ns–non significant. Data presented here is a representative of at least two independent experiments.