Figure 3. Effects of E2F1 on ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

Overexpression of E2F-1 (A) increased the rate of growth, (B) promoted G1/S progression, (C) decreased levels of apoptosis, (D) increased migration and (E) invasion ability. Knockdown of E2F1 exhibit significantly (F) decreased growth, (G) increased G1 arrest and (H) increased apoptosis, (I) lower migration and (J) invasion ability. Nude mice injected with cells stably expressing E2F-1 showed a dramatic increase in tumor size (K) and tumor xenograft (L) growth and (M) volum in vivo. Results are representative of three separate experiments; data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. *p < 0.05.