Table 1. Characteristis of studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Author | Year | Country | Method of cytology | No. of patients(CY+ vs CY-) | Median follow-up (months) | Median survival (months) |
Adjuvant therapy | Multivariate/ Univariate | HR(95%CI) | Quality of study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iwagami[11] | 2015 | Japan | Papanicolaou staining | 5/34 | 31.0 (5.4-113.9) | OS: 13.3 vs 36.4 RFS: 6.5 vs 15.7 |
Gemcitabine based chemotherapy: 100% vs 55.9% | Multivariate | OS:2.589(0.734–8.532) RFS:5.100(1.279-20.925) | 8 |
| Satoi[12] | 2015 | Japan | Papanicolaou and/or Giemsa staining | 69/915 | 19.7 | OS: 16.0 vs 24.9 DFS: 8.8 vs 13.8 |
Gemcitabine or S-1 based chemotherapy: 86% vs 82% | Multivariate | OS:0.74 (0.55–0.98)# | 6 |
| Hirabayas hi [13] | 2015 | Japan | Papanicolaou and/or Giemsa staining | 18/141 | NA | OS: 10 vs 27 | NA | Multivariate | OS:2.711(1.464-5.022) | 6 |
| Aoyama[14] | 2015 | Japan | Papanicolaou staining | 21/122 | 37(4.4-110.5) | 5 ys OS: 8.6% vs 16.1% 5 ys RFS: 0% vs 16.1% |
Gemcitabine or S-1 based chemotherapy: 100% | Univariate | OS:1.370(0.796-2.361) RFS:2.360(1.427-3.904) |
7 |
| Yamada[15] | 2013 | Japan | Papanicolaou and Giemsa staining | 51/339 | 15.7 | OS: 14·3 vs 18·0 | Gemcitabine or S-1 based chemotherapy: 53.3% | Multivariate | OS:1.36(0.94-1.90)& | 6 |
| Yoshioka[16] | 2012 | Japan | Papanicolaou staining | 20/234 | 24.7(0.8-97.4)* | OS:23.8 vs 26.5 RFS: 8.1 vs 13.5 |
Chemotherapy: 80.0% vs 70.9% | NA | NA | 8 |
| Ferrone[17] | 2006 | US | NA | 77/385† | 11(0-122) | OS: 8 vs 16 | In resected patients: 49% | NA | NA | 6 |
| Meszoely[18] | 2004 | US | H&E and Papanicolaou staining | 27/141‡ | NA | OS: 15 vs19 DFS:10 vs 12 |
5-FU based chemotherapy: 60% in resected tumors | NA | NA | 6 |
| Konishi[19] | 2002 | Japan | Papanicolaou staining | 36/115# | NA | OS:NA | IORT(+ERBT+5-FU) in local advanced and metastatic tumor: 100% | NA | NA | 6 |
| Yachida[20] | 2002 | Japan | Papanicolaou, Giemsa and Alcian blue staining, ICH | 16/114 | NA | OS:18 vs 15 | Mitomycin C or 5-FU based chemotherapy in 12 patients with R1 resection | NA | NA | 6 |
*
presented with mean (range). † there were 10 and 217 resected patients in Cy+ and Cy- groups, respectively. ‡ there were 13 and 122 resected patients in Cy+ and Cy- groups, respectively #. there were 5 and 56 resected patients in Cy+ and Cy- groups, respectively. § presented with Cy- vs Cy+. & for resected tumors. NA not available.