Table 1.
List of baseline characteristics stratified by perilesional hyperperfusion (PLH).
| All patients | PLH | No PLH | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 119 | n = 42 | n = 77 | Pa | |
| Number of patients | 119 | 42 (35.29) | 77 (64.71) | |
| Male | 54 (45.38) | 16 (38.1) | 38 (49.35) | 0.255 |
| Female | 65 (54.62) | 26 (61.9) | 39 (50.65) | 0.255 |
| Age, in years (mean ± SD) | 70.9 ± 12.45 | 69.7 ± 13.9 | 71.5 ± 11.6 | 0.4377 |
| Median baseline NIHSS (IQR) | 14 [8] | 13 [8] | 14 [7] | 0.3054 |
| Time to tPA (in mins); mean ± SD | 158.7 ± 81 | 161.9 ± 74.8 | 156.9 ± 85 | 0.5593 |
| OTT (in min); mean ± SD | 163.5 ± 84.29 | 163.6 ± 80 | 163.4 ± 86.8 | 0.8694 |
| Acute core; median (IQR) | 13.5 [24] | 15.95 [20.4] | 9.2 [24.3] | 0.1569 |
| Acute penumbra, ml; median (IQR) | 47.9 [63.5] | 46.35 [84.7] | 53.1 [62] | 0.2613 |
| Presence of acute penumbra | ||||
| Yes | 96 (80.67) | 36 (85.71) | 60 (77.92) | 0.342 |
| No | 23 (19.33) | 6 (14.29) | 17 (22.08) | 0.342 |
| Occlusion on admission CTA | ||||
| Yes | 73 (61.34) | 28 (66.67) | 45 (58.44) | 0.434 |
| No | 46 (38.66) | 14 (33.33) | 32 (41.56) | 0.434 |
| Clot location | 0.517 | |||
| Proximal thrombus (ICA + M1P) | 37 (31.09) | 13 (30.95) | 24 (31.17) | 1.000 |
| Distal thrombus (M1D + M2 + M3) | 40 (33.61) | 16 (38.10) | 24 (31.17) | 0.543 |
| ICA | 22 (18.49) | 6 (14.29) | 16 (20.78) | 0.464 |
| M1 proximal (M1P) | 20 (16.8) | 9 (21.43) | 11 (14.29) | 0.32 |
| M1 distal (M1D) | 16 (13.45) | 5 (11.9) | 11 (14.29) | 0.786 |
| M2 and M3 | 24 (20.17) | 11 (26.19) | 13 (16.88) | 0.241 |
| Treatment factors | ||||
| Thrombolysed | 100 (84.03) | 37 (88.10) | 63 (81.82) | 0.441 |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 106 (89.08) | 38 (90.48) | 68 (88.31) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes | 37 (31.09) | 13 (30.95) | 24 (31.17) | 1.000 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 54 (45.38) | 16 (38.1) | 38 (49.35) | 0.2555 |
| Present smoker (n = 119) | 25 (21.01) | 10 (23.81) | 15 (19.48) | 0.640 |
| Past smoker (n = 119) | 50 (42.02) | 20 (47.61) | 30 (38.96) | 0.438 |
| AF | 69 (57.98) | 26 (61.9) | 43 (55.84) | 0.564 |
| Depression | 12 (10.08) | 4 (9.52) | 8 (10.39) | 1.000 |
| History of stroke/TIA (n = 153) | 20 (16.81) | 6 (14.29) | 14 (18.18) | 0.798 |
| Aetiology (CCS classification) | ||||
| Large artery atherosclerosis | 64 (53.78) | 27 (64.29) | 37 (48.05) | 0.124 |
| Cardioembolic | 54 (45.38) | 15 (35.71) | 39 (50.65) | 0.128 |
| Collateral grade | ||||
| Good | 53 (44.54) | 30 (71.43) | 23 (29.87) | <0.0001* |
| Poor/reduced | 66 (55.46) | 12 (28.57) | 54 (70.13) | <0.0001* |
| Stroke topography (any infarction in given territory) | ||||
| ACA | 9 (7.56) | 3 (7.14) | 6 (7.79) | 1.000 |
| Complete | 2 (1.68) | 1 (2.38) | 1 (1.30) | 1.000 |
| Partial | 7 (5.88) | 2 (4.76) | 5 (6.49) | 1.000 |
| Absent | 110 (92.44) | 39 (92.86) | 71 (92.21) | 1.000 |
| Cortical superior MCA | 66 (55.46) | 32 (76.19) | 34 (44.16) | 0.001* |
| Complete | 41 (34.45) | 18 (42.86) | 23 (29.87) | 0.164 |
| Partial | 25 (21.01) | 14 (33.33) | 11 (14.29) | 0.019* |
| Absent | 53 (44.54) | 10 (23.81) | 43 (55.84) | 0.001* |
| Striatocapsular | 55 (46.22) | 30 (71.43) | 25 (32.47) | <0.0001* |
| Complete | 35 (29.41) | 13 (30.95) | 22 (28.57) | 0.835 |
| Partial | 20 (16.81) | 17 (40.48) | 3 (3.90) | <0.0001* |
| Absent | 64 (53.78) | 12 (28.57) | 52 (67.53) | <0.0001* |
| Inferior division MCA | 92 (77.31) | 29 (69.05) | 63 (81.82) | 0.168 |
| Complete | 30 (25.21) | 8 (19.05) | 22 (28.57) | 0.279 |
| Partial | 62 (52.10) | 21 (50) | 41 (53.25) | 0.848 |
| Absent | 27 (22.69) | 13 (30.95) | 14 (18.18) | 0.168 |
| Anterior choroidal artery | 28 (23.53) | 9 (21.43) | 19 (24.68) | 0.822 |
| Complete | 11 (9.24) | 2 (4.76) | 9 (11.69) | 0.324 |
| Partial | 17 (14.29) | 7 (16.67) | 10 (12.99) | 0.593 |
| Absent | 91 (76.47) | 33 (79.57) | 58 (75.32) | 0.822 |
| PCA | 17 (14.29) | 4 (9.52) | 13 (16.88) | 0.412 |
| Complete | 4 (3.36) | 0 | 4 (5.19) | 0.296 |
| Partial | 13 (10.92) | 4 (9.52) | 9 (11.69) | 1.000 |
| Absent | 102 (85.71) | 38 (90.48) | 64 (83.12) | 0.412 |
| Watershed Infarcts (EWI or IWI) | ||||
| External watershed infarcts (EWI) | 24 (20.17) | 7 (16.67) | 17 (22.08) | 0.634 |
| Internal watershed infarcts (IWI) | 2 (1.68) | 1 (2.38) | 1 (1.30) | 1.000 |
| Both EWI and IWI | 0 | |||
| Infarcts in border zone (extension of territorial infarcts) | 37 (31.09) | 15 (35.71) | 22 (28.57) | 0.535 |
ACA: anterior cerebral artery; AChA: anterior choroid artery; AF: atrial fibrillation; IQR: interquartile range; MCA: middle cerebral artery; NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Score; OTT: onset to treatment time; PCA: posterior cerebral artery; SCI: striatocapsular, thalamic; SD: standard deviation; TIA: transient ischaemic attack.
Continuous or ordinal variables are shown as mean ± SD or median (IQR), as appropriate. Mann–Whitney test was used to compare continuous or ordinal variables. Nominal data were analysed with the Pearson's chi-squared (χ2) and the two-tailed Fisher's exact test. CCS classification method was used to assess the causative aetiological mechanism underlying the stroke event. Infarct topographies are defined as complete, partial, or no infarction (absent) in that territory. Collateral grading was classified as either good or reduced.
Figures in parentheses are percentages or inter-quartile range (IQR).
P < 0.05 as the threshold for statistical significance.
Uncorrected for multiple comparisons.