Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analysis for tracheal cancer specific survival (TCSS) in tracheal cancer patients.
| Variables | 5-year TCSS | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log rank χ2 | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | ||
| Sex | 2.45 | 0.118 | ||||
| Female | 55.69% | Reference | ||||
| Male | 50.38% | 0.83 | 0.63–1.08 | 0.161 | ||
| Age at diagnosis | 23.16 | < 0.001 | ||||
| < 65 | 61.91% | Reference | ||||
| ≥ 65 | 41.27% | 1.44 | 1.10–1.89 | 0.008 | ||
| Race | 7.62 | 0.022 | ||||
| White | 48.88% | Reference | ||||
| Black | 66.47% | 0.74 | 0.49–1.13 | 0.168 | ||
| Other | 67.87% | 1.11 | 0.66–1.86 | 0.696 | ||
| Histology | 88.86 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 40.85% | Reference | ||||
| Adenoid cystic carcinoma | 84.44% | 0.84 | 0.30–2.39 | 0.750 | ||
| Small cell carcinoma | 0.00% | 1.42 | 0.92–2.19 | 0.109 | ||
| Others | 60.25% | 0.67 | 0.46–0.97 | 0.034 | ||
| Low-Grade Malignant Tumors | 53.23 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 83.17% | Reference | ||||
| No | 41.53% | 2.25 | 0.87–5.84 | 0.094 | ||
| Grade | 13.77 | 0.008 | ||||
| Grade I (well differentiated) | 78.24% | Reference | ||||
| Grade II (moderately differentiated) | 58.88% | 1.12 | 0.52–2.43 | 0.773 | ||
| Grade III (poorly differentiated) | 35.44% | 1.50 | 0.69–3.23 | 0.306 | ||
| Grade IV (undifferentiated) | 32.34% | 1.75 | 0.70–4.41 | 0.234 | ||
| Unknown | 56.89% | 1.47 | 0.70–3.08 | 0.305 | ||
| Disease Extension | 116.12 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Localized | 74.72% | Reference | ||||
| Regional | 44.97% | 2.76 | 1.94–3.93 | < 0.001 | ||
| Distant | 21.50% | 4.80 | 3.23–7.14 | < 0.001 | ||
| Unknown | 46.50% | 2.20 | 1.41–3.43 | 0.001 | ||
| Surgery | 94.28 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Surgery-total resection | 73.68% | Reference | ||||
| Surgery-subtotal resection | 71.17% | 1.69 | 0.88–3.27 | 0.117 | ||
| No cancer directed surgery | 33.50% | 3.27 | 1.69–6.34 | < 0.001 | ||
| Unknown | 37.50% | 3.49 | 1.15–10.59 | 0.028 | ||
| Radiotherapy | 1.45 | 0.484 | ||||
| Radiotherapy | 53.36% | Reference | ||||
| No radiotherapy | 52.24% | 1.80 | 1.31–2.47 | < 0.001 | ||
| Unknown | 56.79% | 1.08 | 0.47–2.49 | 0.854 | ||
| Marital Status | 8.11 | 0.004 | ||||
| Unmarried | 44.58% | Reference | ||||
| Married | 58.75% | 0.70 | 0.54–0.91 | 0.008 | ||
| High School Education Rate | 0.96 | 0.327 | ||||
| Lower 50% | 54.80% | Reference | ||||
| Upper 50% | 50.43% | 1.08 | 0.74–1.59 | 0.679 | ||
| Median Household Income | 5.10 | 0.023 | ||||
| Lower 50% | 42.86% | Reference | ||||
| Upper 50% | 55.81% | 0.97 | 0.69–1.36 | 0.858 | ||
| Unemployed | 0.03 | 0.863 | ||||
| Lower 50% | 53.26% | Reference | ||||
| Upper 50% | 52.19% | 1.25 | 0.88–1.76 | 0.210 | ||
| White Collar | 2.50 | 0.114 | ||||
| Lower 50% | 46.20% | Reference | ||||
| Upper 50% | 55.62% | 1.02 | 0.72–1.43 | 0.933 | ||
SEER 1990–2010 (n = 600).