Table 1. Clinicopathologic features and plasma level of HIF-1α.

Category	No. of cases	plasma level of HIF-1α Mean± SD	Statistics value	P value
Age
≤55	131	10.150±1.713	t =0.423	0.672
>55	136	10.242±1.817
Tumor size
≤2cm	164	9.698±1.795	t'= −6.599	0.001
>2cm	103	10.991±1.391
Skin involvementa
No	227	10.040±1.751	t = −3.532	0.001
Yes	40	11.086±1.585
LN metastasisb
No	169	9.728±1.675	F=14.853	0.001
1~3	49	11.079±1.387
4~9	27	11.079±1.557
10~	13	11.431±1.696
Unknown	9
Histologic grade
≤II	206	10.167±1.812	t'= −1.895	0.061
>II	50	10.591±1.306
Unknown	11
Hormone receptor
(−)	66	10.271±1.555	t = 0.274	0.785
(+)	188	10.201±1.859
Unknown	13
HER-2
(−~+)	116	10.165±1.823	t= −0.758	0.450
(++~+++)	113	10.341±1.704
Unknown	38
Tumor typec
DCISd	26	8.646±2.101	Chi-Square =14.833	0.002
IDCe	224	10.380±1.636
ILCf	5	10.258±2.879
OTHERg	12	10.113±1.253
Clinical stageh
I	115	9.275±1.797	Chi-Square =43.153	0.001
II	83	10.729±1.221
III	69	11.092±1.540
PGC-1α plasma leveli
low	134	9.745±1.853	t'= −4.344	0.001
high	133	10.652±1.548

^askin involvement includes: edema, redness, nodularity or ulceration of the skin

^bPost Hoc Multiple Comparisons(LSD) shows difference of HIF-1αconcentration only presence in the group without LN metastasis and the other groups

^cPost Hoc Multiple Comparisons(Games-Howell) shows difference of HIF-1αconcentration only presence in the DCIS group and the other groups

^dDCIS: ductal carcinoma in situ

^eIDC: invasive ductal carcinoma.

^fILC: invasive lobular carcinoma

^gOTHER include: mucinous or colloid carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, metaplastic carcinoma.

^hPost Hoc Multiple Comparisons(Games-Howell) shows difference of HIF-1αconcentration only presence in the stage I group and the other groups

ⁱmedian of PGC-1α plasma level was 244.24 ng/dl