Table 1. Demographic, clinical, and staging information of the entire hepatocellular carcinoma cohort.
| n = 3,182 | BCLC Stage 0 (n = 265) |
BCLC Stage A (n = 736) |
BCLC Stage B (n = 503) |
BCLC Stage C (n = 1282) |
BCLC Stage D (n = 396) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years, mean ± SD) | 63.3 ± 11.8 | 64.9 ± 11.6 | 64.2 ± 13.6 | 63.8 ± 13.6 | 66.5 ± 14.8 | 0.004 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 185 (69.8) | 528 (71.9) | 414 (82.3) | 1002 (78.3) | 310 (78.3) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 58 (22) | 177 (24.1) | 110 (21.9) | 346 (27.2) | 107 (27.1) | 0.081 |
| ECOG, n (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Performance status = 0 | 265 (100) | 736 (100) | 503 (100) | 296 (23.1) | 6 (1.5) | |
| Performance status = 1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 680 (53.0) | 24 (6.1) | |
| Performance status = 2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 306 (23.9) | 30 (7.6) | |
| Performance status = 3 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 225 (56.8) | |
| Performance status = 4 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 111 (28.0) | |
| Vascular invasion, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 591 (46.1) | 215 (54.3) | <0.001 |
| Hepatitis B, n (%) | 141 (53.2) | 377 (51.2) | 299 (59.4) | 705 (55.0) | 197 (49.7) | 0.019 |
| Hepatitis C, n (%) | 105 (39.6) | 290 (39.4) | 124 (24.7) | 341 (26.6) | 114 (28.8) | 0.001 |
| Alcoholism, n (%) | 28 (10.6) | 98 (13.3) | 67 (13.3) | 298 (23.2) | 91 (23.0) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory values (mean ± SD) | ||||||
| Albumin (g/dl) | 4.0 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 3.0 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.86 ± 0.39 | 0.94 ± 0.62 | 0.94 ± 0.83 | 1.42 ± 2.16 | 4.15 ± 5.85 | <0.001 |
| INR (ratio) | 1.04 ± 0.09 | 1.06 ± 0.12 | 1.04 ± 0.12 | 1.10 ± 0.14 | 1.27 ± 0.33 | <0.001 |
| AFP (ng/ml) | 136 ± 411 | 733 ± 9959 | 6281 ± 31499 | 32184 ± 165949 | 58138 ± 135642 | <0.001 |
| Platelet (1000/mm3) | 133.8 ± 64.3 | 137.5 ± 62.3 | 174.5 ± 85.6 | 186.5 ± 106.2 | 196.6 ± 119.6 | <0.001 |
| Na (mEq/l) | 139.4 ± 3.2 | 139.9 ± 3.0 | 139.6 ± 2.8 | 137.8 ± 3.8 | 134.9 ± 5.2 | <0.001 |
| eGFR* (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 76.0 ± 22.0 | 74.4 ± 24.1 | 75.4 ± 24.8 | 78.2 ± 36.5 | 68.2 ± 40.0 | <0.001 |
| Ascites, n (%) | 8 (3) | 46 (6.3) | 22 (4.4) | 388 (30.3) | 279 (70.5) | <0.001 |
| Variceal bleeding, n (%) | 2 (0.8) | 9 (1.2) | 5 (1.0) | 53 (4.1) | 43 (10.9) | <0.001 |
| Total tumor volume (ml) | 2.3 ± 1.3 | 17.1 ± 15.4 | 337.9 ± 541.1 | 570.0 ± 864.9 | 670.8 ± 1051.0 | <0.001 |
| Median follow-up duration (month)+ | 45 (25–78) | 37 (17–68) | 27 (12–59) | 9 (3–26) | 2 (1–9) | <0.001 |
| Child-Turcotte-Pugh class (A/B/C), n (%) | 265/0/0 (100/0/0) | 651/85/0 (88.5/11.5/0) | 459/44/0 (91.3/8.7/0) | 873/409/0 (68.1/31.9/0) | 76/164/156 (19.2/41.4/39.4) | <0.001 |
| MELD score (mean ± SD) | 8.2 ± 2.3 | 8.8 ± 2.9 | 8.7 ± 2.7 | 9.9 ± 3.7 | 14.8 ± 6.6 | <0.001 |
| Treatment modalities (resection/ablation/TACE/systemic therapy/others), % | 38/50/11/0/1 | 42/35/21/0/2 | 42/7/45/2/4 | 22/11/32/17/18 | 3/9/14/14/60 | <0.001 |
* eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, calculated by the four-variable modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation.
+ Data were demonstrated as medians (interquartile range)
Abbreviations: BCLC, Barcelona Clínic Liver Cancer classification; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scale; INR, international normalized ratio for prothrombin time; AFP, Alpha-fetoprotein; Na, plasma sodium level; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease.