Table 3. Gender differences in repeated measures analysis of variance and descriptive statistics for the dependent variables.
| Male gender | Female gender | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | Experimental group | Control group | Experimental group | ||||||||
| Pre-test | Post-test | Pre-test | Post-test | Pre-test | Post-test | Pre-test | Post-test | ||||
| M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | M±SD | F | p | η2 | |
| BPN Support | 3.72±.82 | 3.52±.88 | 3.60±.80 | 3.50±.82 | 3.91±.78 | 3.62±.92 | 3.89±.79 | 3.67±.86 | .04 | .00 | .00 |
| BPN Satisfaction | 3.66±.85 | 3.39±.86 | 3.55±.78 | 3.45±.82 | 3.86±.75 | 3.36±.92 | 3.83±.78 | 3.54±.87 | .21 | .00 | .00 |
| Intrinsic motivation | 3.76±.96 | 3.53±1.03 | 3.67±.97 | 3.53±.95 | 4.12±.86 | 3.56±1.05 | 4.12±.85 | 3.79±.93 | .73 | .00 | .00 |
| Identified regulation | 3.76±.88 | 3.43±1.03 | 3.68±.89 | 3.48±.93 | 4.07±.85 | 3.50±1.04 | 4.01±.86 | 3.63±.95 | .19 | .00 | .00 |
| Introjected regulation | 3.32±.90 | 3.20±.90 | 3.23±.82 | 3.22±.85 | 3.41±.87 | 3.12±.95 | 3.51±.86 | 3.20±.91 | .90 | .15 | .00 |
| External regulation | 3.67±.89 | 3.37±.97 | 3.50±.88 | 3.38±.89 | 3.63±.89 | 3.21±.96 | 3.70±.84 | 3.34±.87 | .66 | .82 | .00 |
| Amotivation | 2.65±.98 | 2.83±1.05 | 2.75±.96 | 2.90±.96 | 2.40±.97 | 2.64±1.00 | 2.45±1.00 | 2.58±.94 | .23 | .00 | .00 |
| Usefulness | 3.49±1.06 | 3.26±1.10 | 3.42±.97 | 3.32±1.01 | 3.88±.92 | 3.52±1.12 | 3.93±.84 | 3.57±1.00 | .68 | .00 | .00 |
| Enjoyment | 3.52±.88 | 3.50±.94 | 3.44±.90 | 3.43±.92 | 3.74±.78 | 3.52±.98 | 3.81±.80 | 3.59±.90 | .01 | .00 | .00 |
| Effort | 3.52±.91 | 3.46±.97 | 3.50±.91 | 3.51±.84 | 3.73±.75 | 3.51±.93 | 3.73±.78 | 3.56±.86 | .03 | .00 | .00 |
| Positive behaviour | 3.87±.82 | 3.61±.80 | 3.69±.78 | 3.58±.75 | 3.96±.86 | 3.80±.84 | 3.95±.81 | 3.70±.81 | 3.02 | .00 | .00 |
Note: BPN: Basic Psychological Needs.