Table 1.
Summary of basic characteristics of studies selected for meta-analysis
| Study (year published) | Study design | Treatment | Number of patients | Mean age, years | Male gender | Follow-up time, months | Child–Pugh class, number (%) | Cancer stage, no (%) | Type of viral hepatitis, number (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lee et al,18 2015 | RCT | Surgery/RFA/PEI + CIK | 114 | 55.4 | 83.3% | NR | NR | AJCC I: 98 (86.0%) II: 16 (14.0%) |
HBV only: 96 (84.2%) HCV only: 9 (7.9%) HBV + HCV: 2 (1.8%) Others: 7 (6.1%) |
| Surgery/RFA/PEI | 112 | 56.4 | 81.3% | AJCC I: 94 (83.9%) II: 18 (16.1%) |
HBV only: 90 (80.4%) HCV only: 10 (8.9%) HBV + HCV: 2 (1.8%) Others: 10 (8.9%) |
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| Guo et al,33 2014 | Retrospective | TACE + CIK | 30 | ≤60: 43.3% >60: 56.7% |
90.0% | Range: 2–43 | A: 24 (80%) B: 6 (20%) |
BCLC A: 5 (16.7%) B: 15 (50%) C: 10 (33.3%) |
HBsAg+: 28 (93.3%) |
| TACE only | 38 | ≤60: 34.2% >60: 65.8% |
89.5% | A: 31 (81.6%) B: 7 (18.4%) |
BCLC A: 5 (13.1%) B: 21 (55.3%) C: 12 (31.6%) |
HBsAg+: 36 (94.7%) | |||
| Yu et al23 2014 | RCT | Standard treatment + CIK | 66 | <60: 56.1% ≥60: 43.9% |
87.9% | Median: 18.6 | A: 62 B: 4 |
BCLC A: 8 B: 31 C: 27 |
Hepatitis B: 35 |
| Standard treatment | 66 | <60: 65.2% ≥60: 34.8% |
87.9% | A: 62 B: 4 |
BCLC A: 8 B: 31 C: 27 |
Hepatitis B: 37 | |||
| Pan et al,17 2013 | Retrospective | Surgery alone | 206 | 50.03 | 86.9% | Median: 60 | NR | Pathology I: 17 II: 92 III: 97 |
HBsAg+: 176 HBeAg+: 182 |
| Surgery + CIK | 204 | 49.16 | 87.3% | Pathology I: 18 II: 102 III: 84 |
HBsAg+: 47 HBeAg+: 43 |
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| Huang et al,16 2013 | Retrospective | TACE + RFA + CIK | 85 | 50a | 90.6% | Median (range): 78 (5–173) | A: 76 B: 9 |
BCLC A: 36 B: 29 C: 20 |
HBV: 66 |
| TACE + RFA | 89 | 53a | 88.8% | A: 74 B: 15 |
BCLC A: 37 B: 34 C: 18 |
HBV: 69 | |||
| Tong et al,28 2013 | Prospective | TACE + CIK TACE only |
20 18 |
56 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Deng et al,24 2013 | RCT | TACE + RFA | 21 | ≥50: 81.0% <50: 19.0% |
52.4% | NR | A: 19 B: 2 |
NR | HBsAg+: 20 |
| TACE + RFA + CIK | 20 | ≥50: 65.0% <50: 35.0% |
90.0% | A: 18 B: 2 |
HBsAg+: 17 | ||||
| He et al,25 2012 | RCT | TACE only | 58 | 52.1 | 86.2% | Mean: 40 | A: 49 B: 9 |
NR | NR |
| TACE + CIK | 60 | 56.3 | 93.3% | A: 54 B: 6 |
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| Wang et al,30 2012 | Prospective | TACE + RFA + CIK | 38 | 53 | 89.5% | Mean: 44 | A: 27 B: 11 |
NR | HBV: 31 |
| TACE + RFA | 38 | 55 | 86.8% | A: 25 B: 13 |
HBV: 32 | ||||
| Hao et al,15 2010 | Prospective | TACE + CIK | 72 | 53a | 90.3% | NR | A: 65 B: 7 |
BCLC A: 7 B: 6 C: 59 |
HBsAg+: 68 |
| TACE only | 74 | 51a | 86.5% | A: 66 B: 8 | BCLC A: 5 B: 4 C: 65 |
HBsAg+: 68 | |||
| Dong et al,14 2009 | RCT | Surgery + CIK-I | 41 | ≥50: 65.9% <50: 34.1% |
75.6% | NR | A: 34 B: 7 |
NR | HBsAg+: 32 |
| Surgery + CIK-II | 43 | ≥50: 60.5% <50: 39.5% |
74.4% | A: 34 B: 9 |
HBsAg+: 33 | ||||
| Surgery only | 43 | ≥50: 65.1% <50: 34.9% |
79.1% | A: 34 B: 9 |
HBsAg+: 31 | ||||
| Yu et al,32 2009 | Prospective | Surgery + TACE + CIK | 25 | 49 | 88.0% | Range: 3–34 | A: 24 B: 1 |
Clinical I: 0 II: 8 III: 15 IV: 2 |
NR |
| Surgery + supportive therapy | 25 | 52 | 92.0% | A: 20 B: 5 |
Clinical I: 1 II: 9 III: 14 IV: 1 |
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| Weng et al,13 2008 | RCT | TACE + RFA + CIK | 45 | 43a | 68.9% | Max: 18 | A: 36 (80%) B: 9 (20%) |
NR | NR |
| TACE + RFA | 40 | 45a | 72.5% | A: 33 (82.5%) B: 7 (17.5%) |
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| Huang et al,26 2007 | RCT | TACE + RFA + CIK TACE + RFA |
55 30 |
46.2 47.1 |
67.3% 70.0% |
NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Shi et al,31 2007 | Prospective | TACE + CIK | 38 | NR | NR | NR | NR | Okuda I: 8 II: 13 III: 7 |
NR |
| TACE | 134 | Okuda I: 2 II: 106 III: 26 |
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| Hao et al,29 2006 | Prospective | TACE + CIK | 21 | 50.90 | 81.0% | NR | A: 15 B: 4 C: 2 |
Clinical I: 2 II: 16 III: 3 |
HBV infection: 21 |
| TACE only | 46 | 49.83 | 97.8% | A: 34 B: 9 C: 3 |
Clinical I: 4 II: 39 III: 3 |
HBV infection: 44 | |||
| Zhang et al,27 2006 |
RCT | TACE only TACE + CIK TACE + PEI TACE + PEI + CIK |
30 16 62 36 |
45.5 | 75.0% | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Note:
a
Data for age are presented as the median.
Abbreviations: AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; CIK, cytokine-induced killer cells; HBsAg, surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; NR, not recorded; PEI, percutaneous ethanol injection; RFA, radiofrequency ablation; TACE, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.