Table 3.
SPATEs harbored by Shigella and their function in infection.
| SPATE | Gene location | Putative function | Role in infection | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pic | SHI-1 (opposite set1AB) | Cleavage of mucin | Penetrate colonic mucus layer to access epithelium | Gutierrez-Jimenez et al., 2008 |
| Mucin secretagogue | Mucus-containing dysentery in shigellosis | Navarro-Garcia et al., 2010 | ||
| SigA | SHI-1 | Cytopathic activity | Cleavage of fodrin to destabilize links between actin cytoskeleton and membrane proteins, detachment of focal adhesions | Canizalez-Roman and Navarro-García, 2003; Al-Hasani et al., 2009 |
| Enterotoxic activity | Fluid accumulation | Al-Hasani et al., 2000 | ||
| SepA | Virulence plasmid | Enterotoxic activity | Fluid accumulation | Benjelloun-Touimi et al., 1995 |
| Epithelial desquamation | Disease progression | Coron et al., 2009 |