S. stercoralis infection is associated with diminished systemic levels of type 1 and type 17 cytokines and elevated levels of type 2 cytokines and TGF-β in LTB. (A) The systemic (plasma) levels of type 1 (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2) and type 17 (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22) cytokines were measured in LTB individuals with S. stercoralis coinfection (LTB-Ss, n = 60) or without S. stercoralis coinfection (LTB, n = 58). (B) The systemic (plasma) levels of type 2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) and regulatory (IL-10, TGF-β) cytokines were measured in LTB individuals with S. stercoralis coinfection (LTB-Ss, n = 60) or without S. stercoralis coinfection (LTB, n = 58). The results are shown as scatterplots, with each circle representing a single individual and the bar representing the GM. P values were calculated using the Mann-Whitney test with Holm's correction for multiple comparisons.